Influence of fodder beet cultivars on the life history traits of Spodoptera exigua

Sohrabi, Fariba; Mirhosseini, Mohammad Ali; Ali, Jamin; Bayram, Ahmet

doi:10.48311/jcp.2025.1687

Influence of fodder beet cultivars on the life history traits of Spodoptera exigua

https://doi.org/10.48311/jcp.2025.1687

Volume 14, Issue 1
February 2025

Pages 61-73

Document Type : Original Research

Authors

F. Sohrabi ¹

M. A. Mirhosseini ¹

J. Ali ²

A. Bayram ³

¹ Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Persian Gulf University, Bushehr, Iran, P. O. Box: 75169-13817.

² College of Plant Protection, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China.

³ Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Dicle University, 21280 Diyarbakir, Turkey.

Abstract

The beet armyworm, Spodoptera exigua (Hubner) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), poses a significant threat to beet plants, adversely affecting their yield. This study assessed the demographic parameters of this pest on seven commercial fodder beet cultivars, including “Kyros”, “1025”, “Geryty”, “Alianka”, “Laciana”, “Kara”, and “Enermax” under controlled laboratory conditions (27 ± 1 °C, 65 ± 5% RH, 16:8 h L: D). We selected 70 eggs, each less than 12 hours old, from a laboratory-reared generation and monitored their development, mortality, and oviposition daily until the death of the last individual. Data were analyzed using age-stage two-sex life table approach. The duration of the immature stages varied significantly among cultivars, with the total developmental period ranging from 23.79 days on “1025” to 33.25 days on “Laciana”. Immature survival rates also differed, with the highest survival recorded for “1025” (88.57%) and the lowest for “Kyros” (37.14%). Net reproductive rates (R₀) were highest for “Alianka” (385.81 offspring) and lowest for “Laciana” (110.97 offspring). The intrinsic rate of increase (r) varied across cultivars, with values of 0.149, 0.214, 0.160, 0.180, 0.125, 0.156, and 0.193. Our findings indicate that “1025” is the most susceptible cultivar to the beet armyworm, while “Laciana” is the most resistant. These results are valuable for developing targeted beet armyworm management programs in different fodder beet cultivation regions.

Keywords

beet armyworm

Demography

Pest management

Plant resistance

Life table

Subjects

Entomology

Abdullah, M., Sarnthoy, O., Tantakom, S., Isichaikul, S. and Chaeychomsri, S. 2000. Monitoring insecticide resistance development in beet armyworm, Spodoptera exigua (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). Agriculture and Natural Resources, 34(4): pp.450-457.
Awmack, C. S. and Leather, S. R. 2002. Host plant quality and fecundity in herbivorous insects. Annual Review of Entomology, 47, 817-844.
Benrey, B. and Denno, R. F. 1997 The slow growth high mortality hypothesis: a test using the butterfly. Ecology, 78: 987–999
Birch, L. C. 1948. The intrinsic rate of natural increase of an insect population. Journal of Animal Ecology, 17: 15–26
Bozkurt, S. and Akkopru, E. P. 2021. Effects of five different melon (Cucumis melo L.) cultivars on population growth of Aphis gossypii. Plant Protection Science, 57(4): 310-317.
Carey, J. R. 2001. Insect biodemography. Annual Review of Entomology, 46(1): 79-110.
Chi, H. 1988. Life-table analysis incorporating both sexes and variable development rates among individuals. Environment Entomology, 17(1): 26-34.
Chi, H. 2022. TWO SEX-MSChart: a computer program for the age-stage, two-sex
life table analysis. [accessed 2022 April]. http://140.120.197.173/ Ecology/Download/TwosexMSChart.zip.
Chi, H., Guncan, A., Kavousi, A., Gharakhani, G., Atlihan, R., Salih Ozgokce, M., Shirazi, J., Amir-Maafi, M., Maroufpoor, M. and Taghizadeh, R. 2022. TWOSEX-MSChart: the key tool for life table research and education. Entomologia Generalis, 42: 845–849.
Chi, H. and Liu, H. 1985. Two new methods for the study of insect population ecology. Bulletin of the Institute of Zoology, Academia Sinica, 24: 225–240.
Dai, H. Q., Zhang, G. L. and Zhang, W. 2017. Temperature dependent development parameters and population life table of beet armyworm, Spodoptera exigua (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). Arthropods, 6(4): 117-125.
Du, L., Ge, F., Zhu, S. and Parajulee, M. N. 2004. Effect of cotton cultivar on development and reproduction of Aphis gossypii (Homoptera: Aphididae) and its predator Propylaea japonica (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae). Journal of Economic Entomology, 97: 1278-1283.
Edwards, O. and Singh, K. B. 2006. Resistance to insect pests: What do legumes have to offer? Euphytica, 147: 273–285.
Ehler, L. E. 2004. An evaluation of some natural enemies of Spodoptera exigua on sugar beet in northern California. Biocontrol, 49: 121-135.
El Husseini, M. M. 2019. Effect of the fungus, Beauveria bassiana (Balsamo) Vuillemin, on the beet armyworm, Spodoptera exigua (Hübner) larvae (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), under laboratory and open field conditions. Egyptian Journal of Biological Pest Control, 29(1): 52.
Farahani, S., Talebi, A.A. and Fathipour, Y., 2012. Life table of Spodoptera exigua (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) on five soybean cultivars. Psyche: A Journal of Entomology, 2012(1): 513824.
Gu, H., Edwards, O. R., Hardy, A. T., and Fitt, G. P. 2008. Host plant resistance in grain crops and prospects for invertebrate pest management in Australia: an overview. Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture, 48(12): 1543-1548.
Hafeez, M., Ullah, F., Khan, M. M., Li, X., Zhang, Z., Shah, S., Imran, M., Assiri, M. A., Fernandez-Grandon, G. M., Desneux, N. and Rehman, M. 2022. Metabolic-based insecticide resistance mechanism and ecofriendly approaches for controlling of beet armyworm Spodoptera exigua: a review. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 29: 1746-1762.
Huang, Y. B. and Chi, H. 2011. The age-stage, two-sex life table with an offspring sex ratio dependent on female age. Journal of Agriculture and Forestry, 60: 337–345.
Huang, Y. B. and Chi, H. 2012. Age-stage, two-sex life tables of Bactrocera cucurbitae (Coquillett) (Diptera: Tephritidae) with a discussion on the problem of applying female age specific life tables to insect populations. Insect Science, 19(2): 263-273.
Kakde, A. M., Patel, K. G. and Tayade, S. 2014. Role of life table in insect pest management-A review. IOSR Journal of Agriculture and Veterinary Science, 7(1): 40-43.
Karimi-Malati, A., Fathipour, Y., Talebi, A. A. and Bazoubandi, M. 2012. Comparative life table parameters of beet armyworm, Spodoptera exigua (Lep.: Noctuidae), on four commercial sugar beet cultivars. Journal of Entomological Society of Iran, 32: 109-124.
Kennedy, G. G. 2008. Integration of insect-resistant genetically modified crops within IPM programs. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 56(11): 3835–3841.
La Rossa, F. R., Vasicek, A., Lopez, M. C. 2013. Effects of pepper (Capsicum annuum) cultivars on the biology and life table parameters of Myzus persicae (Sulz.) (Hemiptera: Aphididae). Neotropical Entomology, 42: 634–641.
Liu, Y., Li, X., Zhou, C., Liu, F. and Mu, W. 2016. Toxicity of nine insecticides on four natural enemies of Spodoptera exigua. Scientific Reports, 6(1): 39060.
Mardani-Talaee, M., Nouri-Ganbalani, G., Naseri, B., Hassanpour, M., Mottaghinia, L. and Mansouri, S. M. 2016. Comparative life table parameters of the Spodoptera exigua (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) on corn hybrids under laboratory conditions. Journal of Entomological Society of Iran, 35(4): 17-27.
Mehrkhou, F. 2013. Effect of soybean varieties on nutritional indices of beet armyworm Spodoptera exigua (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). African Journal of Agricultural Research, 8(16): 1528-1533.
Mehrkhou, F. 2015. Comparative demographic parameters of beet armyworm, Spodoptera exigua (Lep.: Noctuidae) on four commercial sugar beet cultivars. Journal of Entomological Society of Iran, 35(1): 11-18.
Saeed, S., Sayyed, A. H. and Ahmad, I. 2010. Effect of host plants on life-history traits of Spodoptera exigua (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). Journal of Pest Science, 83: 165-172.
Sertkaya, E., Bayram, A., and Kornosor, S. 2004. Egg and larval parasitoids of the beet armyworm Spodoptera exigua on maize in Turkey. Phytoparasitica, 32: 305-312.
Shirinbeik Mohajer, S., Golizadeh, A., Hassanpour, M., Fathi, S. A. A., Sedaratian-Jahromi, A. and Abedi, Z. 2022. Interaction between biological parameters of Panonychus citri (Acari: Tetranychidae) and some phytochemical metabolites in different citrus species. Bulletin of Entomological Research, 112: 509–519.
Sharma, H. C., and Ortiz, R. 2002. Host plant resistance to insects: an eco-friendly approach for pest management and environment conservation. Journal of Environmental Biology, 23(2): 111-135.
Smith, C. M. and Clement, S. L. 2012. Molecular bases of plant resistance to arthropods. Annual Review of Entomology, 57: 309-328.
Smith, C. M. 2021. Conventional breeding of insect-resistant crop plants: still the best way to feed the world population. Current Opinion in Insect Science, 45: 7-13.
Sohrabi, F., Nooryazdan, H., Gharati, B. and Saeidi, Z. 2016. Evaluation of ten tomato cultivars for resistance against tomato leaf miner, Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) under field infestation conditions. Entomologia Generalis, 36(2): 163-175.
Southwood, T. R. E. and Henderson, P. A. 2000. Ecological Methods. Third edition, Blackwell Science, Oxford, USA, 575 p.
Southwood, T. R. E. 1978. The construction, description and analysis of age-specific life-tables. In: Ecological methods: with particular reference to the study of insect populations. Springer, Dordrecht, 356-387 pp.
Steppuhn, A. and Bandoly, M. 2016. Bioassays to Investigate the Effects of Insect Oviposition on a Plant’s Resistance to Herbivores. Bio-protocol, 6 (11): e1823.
Su, J. and Sun, X. X. 2014. High level of metafumizone resistance and multiple insecticide resistance in field populations of Spodoptera exigua (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in Guangdong Province. China Crop Prot, 61: 58-63.
Talaee, L., Fathipour, Y., Talebi, A.A. and Khajehali, J. 2017. Screening of potential sources of resistance to Spodoptera exigua (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in 24 sugar beet genotypes. Journal of Economic Entomology, 110(1): 250-258.
Tian, X. Y., Gao, Y., Ali, M. Y., Li, X. H., Hu, Y. L., Li, W. B., Wang, Z. J., Shi, S. S., Zhang, J. P. 2022. Impact of temperature on age–stage, two-sex life table analysis of a Chinese population of Bean Bug, Riptortus pedestris (Hemiptera: Alydidae). Agriculture, 12(9): 1505.
Wang, P., Yang, F., Wang, Y., Zhou, L., Luo, H., Zhang, S. and Si, S. 2021. Monitoring the resistance of the beet armyworm (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) to four insecticides in Southern China from 2014 to 2018. Journal of Economic Entomology, 144: 332-338.
Wolfenbarger, D. A. and Wolfenbarger, D. J. 2010. Beet armyworm (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae): selection for resistance to insecticides by a five strain cross. Tropical Agriculture, 87: 175–181.
Zheng, X. L., Cong, X. P., Wang, X. P. and Lei C. L. 2011. A Review of Geographic Distribution, overwintering and migration in Spodoptera exigua Hübner (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). Journal of the Entomological Research Society, 13: 39-48.
Zhou, W., Arcot, Y., Medina, R. F., Bernal, J., Cisneros-Zevallos, L. and Akbulut, M. E. S. 2024. Integrated Pest Management: An Update on the Sustainability Approach to Crop Protection. ACS Omega, 9, 40: 41130-41147.

XML

PDF 570.67 K