Effect of gamma irradiation on reproduction biology, inherited sterility and mating competitiveness of Spodoptera exigua (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) under laboratory conditions

Ashouri, Shabnam

doi:10.48311/jcp.2024.1661

Effect of gamma irradiation on reproduction biology, inherited sterility and mating competitiveness of Spodoptera exigua (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) under laboratory conditions

https://doi.org/10.48311/jcp.2024.1661

Volume 13, Issue 2
June 2024

Pages 139-151

Document Type : Original Research

Author

S. Ashouri

Department of Plant Protection, Nuclear Agriculture Research School, Nuclear Science and Technology Research Institute, Karaj, Iran.

Abstract

The beet armyworm, Spodoptera exigua Hübner, poses a significant threat affecting sugar beet and various field crops and vegetables. AS larvae can devastate entire plants, it is crucial to implement effective and safe control measures to prevent economic losses. However, traditional chemical control methods disrupt ecosystem balance and contribute to the development of insecticide resistance. This study explores the potential of the sterile insect technique (SIT) and inherited sterility to manage S. exigua through the irradiation of pupae with Co60 gamma rays. Key factors such as reproduction, sterility, growth biology, sex ratio, mating competitiveness, and inherited sterility in both parent (P1) and F1 generations were assessed. Notably, irradiation of pupae at 250 Gy and 400 Gy resulted in sterile P1 males and females, respectively. While female emergence significantly decreased at 400 Gy, their longevity increased with higher doses. When P1 male or female pupae were irradiated at 250 Gy or 180 Gy, respectively, the developmental period of F1 larvae extended beyond that of the control group. Additionally, F1 male emergence declined with increasing irradiation doses. Crossbreeding treated male parents with normal females resulted in a sex ratio of F1 progeny skewed in favor of males. The F1 generation exhibited greater sterility compared to the P1 generation, with F1 males demonstrating a higher level of sterility than F1 females. Laboratory assessments of mating competitiveness revealed that males irradiated at 250 Gy (IM) successfully competed against untreated males (UM) for mating with untreated females (UF), even at a 1:1: 1 ratio of IM:UM:UF.

Keywords

beet armyworm

Co60 Gamma ray

F1 sterility

Radiation biology

sterile insect technique

Subjects

Insect Pest control (Chemical, Botanical and other Control Measures)

Abass, A. A., Salem, H. M., Abd El Hamid, N. A., Gabarty, A. and Embaby, D. M. 2017. Effects of gamma irradiation on the biological activity of the cotton leaf worm, Spodoptera littoralis (Boisd.). Journal of Nuclear Technology in Applied Science, 5(1), 19-26.
Ahmadi, M., Osouli, S., Abd‐Alla, A. M. M. and Kalantarian, N. 2021. Assessment of mating competitiveness of sterile Ceratitis capitata in laboratory and field cage tests in northern Iran. Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata, 169(6): 550-562.
Angmo, N., Sengupta, M., Vimal, N. and Seth, R. K. 2023a. Receptivity and remating propensity in female Spodoptera litura (Fabricius) after mating with an irradiated male or its F1 male progeny. Insects, 14(7): 651.
Angmo, N., Vimal, N., Sengupta, M. and Seth, R. K. 2023b. Effect of male irradiation and its mating status on the remating propensity, insemination quality and reproductive behavior of male Spodoptera litura (F.). Indian Journal of Entomology, 95-102.
Ashouri, S., Osouli, S. and Ahmadi, M. 2023. Comparative study of different artificial diets on the biology of beet armyworm, Spodoptera exigua (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). Journal of Entomological Society of Iran, 42(3): 183-193.
Bandoly, M. and Steppuhn, A. 2016. Bioassays to investigate the effects of insect oviposition on a plant’s resistance to herbivores. Bio-protocol, 6(11): 1-13.
Bourtzis, K. and Vreysen, M. J. 2021. Sterile insect technique (SIT) and its applications. Insects, 12(7): 638.
Che, W., Shi, T., Wu, Y. and Yang, Y. 2013. Insecticide resistance status of field populations of Spodoptera exigua (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) from China. Journal of Economic Entomology, 106(4): 1855-1862.
Debolt, J. W. and Wright, F. K. 1976. Beet armyworm: inherited sterility produced by irradiation of pupae or adults. Journal of Economic Entomology, 69(3): 336-338.
Dyck, V. A., Hendrichs, J. and Robinson, A.S. 2021. Sterile insect technique: principles and practice in area-wide integrated pest management (p. 1216). Taylor & Francis.
El‐Badry, E. A., Wakid, A. M., Zaki, M. M. and Ahmed, M. Y. Y. 1971. Effects of gamma radiation on mating competitiveness and sperm activity of the lesser cotton leaf worm, Spodoptera exigua Hb. Zeitschrift für Angewandte Entomologie, 67(1‐4): 44-48.
Fried, M. 1971. Determination of sterile-insect competitiveness. Journal of Economic Entomology, 64(4): 869-872.
Hassan, R. S., Sileem, T. M. and Sayed, W. A. A. 2017. Impact of gamma irradiation and phenol on the biological activity of the cotton leaf worm, Spodoptera littoralis (Boisd.). Arab Journal of Nuclear Science and Applications, 50(1): 10-17.
Hosny, M. M., Wakid, A. M., Elbadry, E. A. and Sallam, H. A. 1972. Effects of gamma radiation on the pupae of the cotton leaf worm, Spodoptera littoralis Boisd. Zeitschrift für Angewandte Entomologie, 72(1-4): 205-212.
Jiang, S., Fu, X. W., Jiang, S. S., Yang, X. M., Zhao, H. Y. and Wu, K. 2022. Effect of X-ray irradiation on development, flight, and reproduction of Spodoptera litura. Frontiers in Physiology, 13, 947848.
Jiang, S., Sun, X. T., Ge, S.S., Yang, X. M. and Wu, K. M. 2023. Mating competitiveness of male Spodoptera frugiperda (Smith) irradiated by X-rays. Insects, 14(2): 137.
Kiyoku, M. and Tsukuda, R. 1970. Studies on the ecology of insects sterilized artificially (gamma radiation). V. Development and reproduction of the progeny from irradiated pupae, Spodoptera littoralis Boisd, by gamma radiation. Scientific Reports of the Faculty of Agriculture, Okayama University, 36, 19-26.
Mochida, O. and Miyahara, Y. 1974. Effect of gamma radiation on male pupae and adults of Spodoptera litura (F.) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) following pupal exposure. Applied Entomology and Zoology, 9(1): 41-47.
Osouli, S., Atapour, M. and Ahmadi, M. 2023. Effect of gamma irradiation on F1 generation and competitive ability of Phyllocnistis citrella and Ostrinia nubilalis and evaluation of the sterile insect release ratio on plant infestation in field cages. Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata, 171(6): 475-486.
Ramesh, K., Garg, A. K. and Seth, R. K. 2002. Interaction of substerilizing gamma radiation and thiodicarb treatment for management of the tobacco caterpillar Spodoptera litura. Phytoparasitica, 30, 7-17.
Sengupta, M., Vimal, N., Angmo, N. and Seth, R. K. 2022. Effect of irradiation on reproduction of female Spodoptera litura (Fabr.) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in relation to the inherited sterility technique. Insects, 13(10): 898.
Seth, R. K. and Sharma, V. P. 2001. Inherited sterility by substerilizing radiation in Spodoptera litura (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae): Bioefficacy and potential for pest suppression. Florida Entomologist, 183-193.
Seth, R. K., Khan, Z., Rao, D. K. and Zarin, M. 2016. Flight activity and mating behavior of irradiated Spodoptera litura (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) males and their F1 progeny for use of inherited sterility in pest management approaches. Florida Entomologist, 99(sp1): 119-130.
Toppazada, A., Abdallah, S. and Eldefrawi, M. E. 1966. Chemosterilization of larvae and adults of the Egyptian cotton leaf worm, Prodenia litura by Apholate, Metepa and Tepa. Journal of Economic Entomology, 59, 1125-1128.
Wakid, A. M., Elbadry, E. A., Hosny, M. M. and Sallam, H. A. 1972. Studies on the dose‐fractionation, mating competitiveness and restoration of egg viability in the gamma‐irradiated populations of the cotton leaf worm, Spodoptera littoralis Boisd. Journal of Applied Entomology, 72(1-4): 330-335.
Wakid, A. F. M. and Hayo, J. M. 1974. Inherited sterility in progeny of irradiated male cotton leaf worm, Spodoptera littoralis Boisd. Journal of Applied Entomology, 76(1-4): 331-335.
Yadav, S., Thakur, K. and Seth, R. K. 2017. Effect of 200 Gy as gamma sterilizing radiation on reproductive performance and life span of male moths, Spodoptera litura (Fabr.). Journal of Research: The Bede Athenaeum, 8(1): 143-149.

XML

PDF 749.05 K