Effect of low lethal concentrations of Eforia on biological parameters of the predatory mite Amblyseius swirskii

Volume 12, Issue 1
March 2023
Pages 65-77

Document Type : Original Research

Authors

1 Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, College of Aburaihan, University of Tehran, Iran.

2 Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran.

3 Department of Entomology, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.

Abstract
The two-spotted spider mite Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae) is one of the most important pests of many crops worldwide. Combined tactics for pest management have a significant special effect on reducing pesticide use and maintaining the activity of natural enemies, which is the main objective of IPM programs. The effect of low-lethal concentrations of Eforia (24.7 SC, Syngenta Co.) at LC5, LC15, and LC25 were investigated on biological parameters of Amblyseius swirskii Athias-Henriot (Acari: Phytoseiidae) under laboratory condition at 25 ± 1 °C, 70 ± 5% RH and 16:8 (L: D) h. The data were analyzed based on a two-sex life table procedure. The results showed that Eforia caused a significant reduction in fecundity (Control: 37.17; LC25: 23.04 eggs/female) and total life span (Control: 42.67 days; LC25: 24.65 days). The net reproductive rate (R0) was 22.31, 20.12, 15.14, and 14.98 eggs/individual, respectively, at control, LC5, LC15, and LC25. The maximum and minimum values for the intrinsic rate of increase (r) were recorded to be 0.17 (Control, LC5, and LC25) and 0.15 (LC15) day-1 for the treated mites. Based on the results, the application of low lethal concentrations of Eforia harms some biological parameters of this predatory mite, and the results of this study showed that Eforia may not be applied for the control of T. urticae pest together with A. swirskii.

Keywords

Agut, B., Pastor, V., Jaques, J.A. and Flors, V. 2018. Can plant defence mechanisms provide new approaches for the sustainable control of the two-spotted spider mite Tetranychus urticae?. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 19(2): 614.
Akca, I., Ayvaz, T., Yazici, E., Smith, C.L. and Chi, H. 2015. Demography and population projection of Aphis fabae (Hemiptera: Aphididae): with additional comments on life table research criteria. Journal of Economic Entomology, 108(4):1466-1478.
Akköprü, E.P., Atlıhan, R., Okut, H. and Chi, H. 2015. Demographic assessment of plant cultivar resistance to insect pests: a case study of the dusky-veined walnut aphid (Hemiptera: Callaphididae) on five walnut cultivars. Journal of Economic Entomology, 108(2):378-387.
Akyazi, R. and Liburd, O.E. 2019. Biological control of the two-spotted spider mite (Trombidiformes: Tetranychidae) with the predatory mite Neoseiulus californicus (Mesotigmata: Phytoseiidae) in blackberries. Florida Entomologist, 102(2):373-381.
Alinejad, M., Kheradmand, K. and Fathipour, Y. 2014. Sublethal effects of fenazaquin on life table param eters of the predatory mite Amblyseius swirskii (Acari: Phytoseiidae). Experimental and Applied Acarology, 64(3): 361-373.
Amoah, B., Anderson, J., Erram, D., Gomez, J., Harris, A., Kivett, J., Ruang-Rit, K., Wang, Y., Murray, L. and Nechols, J., 2016. Plant spatial distribution and predator–prey ratio affect biological control of the twospotted spider mite Tetranychus urticae (Acari: Tetranychidae) by the predatory mite Phytoseiulus persimilis (Acari: Phytoseiidae). Biocontrol Science and Technology, 26(4):548-561.
Arthurs, S., McKenzie, C.L., Chen, J., Dogramaci, M., Brennan, M., Houben, K. and Osborne, L. 2009. Evaluation of Neoseiulus cucumeris and Amblyseius swirskii (Acari: Phytoseiidae) as biological control agents of chilli thrips, Scirtothrips dorsalis (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) on pepper. Biological Control, 49(1):91-96.
Beers, E.H. and Schmidt, R.A. 2014. Impacts of orchard pesticides on Galendromus occidentalis: Lethal and sublethal effects. Crop Protection, 56:16-24.
Bergeron, P.E. and Schmidt-Jeffris, R.A. 2020. Not all predators are equal: miticide non-target effects and differential selectivity. Pest Management Science, 76(6):2170-2179.
Biondi, A., Zappalà, L., Stark, J.D. and Desneux, N. 2013. Do biopesticides affect the demographic traits of a parasitoid wasp and its biocontrol services through sublethal effects?. PLoS One, 8(9): p.e76548.
Bozhgani, N.S.S., Ghobadi, H. and Riahi, E. 2018. Sublethal effects of chlorfenapyr on the life table parameters of two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae (Acari: Tetranychidae). Systematic and Applied Acarology, 23(7):1342-1351.
Calvo, F.J., Bolckmans, K. and Belda, J.E. 2012. Biological control-based IPM in sweet pepper greenhouses using Amblyseius swirskii (Acari: Phytoseiidae). Biocontrol Science and Technology, 22(12):1398-1416.
Cheng, S., Lin, R., Zhang, N., Yuan, S., Zhou, X., Huang, J., Ren, X., Wang, S., Jiang, H. and Yu, C. 2018. Toxicity of six insecticides to predatory mite Amblyseius cucumeris (Oudemans)(Acari: Phytoseiidae) in-and off-field. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 161:715-720.
Chi, H. 1988. Life-table analysis incorporating both sexes and variable development rates among individuals. Environmental Entomology, 17 (1): 26-34.
Chi, H. 2021. TWO SEX-MSChart: A Computer Program for The Age-Stage, Two-Sex Life Table Analysis. National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan.
Chi, H. S. I. N. and Liu, H. 1985. Two new methods for the study of insect population ecology. Bulletin of Institute of Zoology Academia Sinica, 24 (2): 225-240.
Dent, D. 2000. Insect Pest Management. CABI Publishing, Wallingford.
Dogan, Y.O., Hazir, S., Yildiz, A., Butt, T.M. and Cakmak, I. 2017. Evaluation of entomopathogenic fungi for the control of Tetranychus urticae (Acari: Tetranychidae) and the effect of Metarhizium brunneum on the predatory mites (Acari: Phytoseiidae). Biological Control, 111:6-12.
Duso, C., Van Leeuwen, T. and Pozzebon, A. 2020. Improving the compatibility of pesticides and predatory mites: recent findings on physiological and ecological selectivity. Current Opinion in Insect Science, 39:63-68.
Efron, B. and Tibshirani R. J. 1993. Permutation tests. In An introduction to the bootstrap(pp. 202-219). Springer US.
Elzen, G. W. 2001. Lethal and sublethal effects of insecticide residues on Orius insidiosus (Hemiptera: Anthocoridae) and Geocoris punctipes (Hemiptera: Lygaeidae). Journal of Economic Entomology, 94 (1): 55-59.
Fathipour, Y. and Maleknia, B. 2016. Mite predators. In Ecofriendly pest management for food security (329-366). Academic Press.
Ferrero, M., Calvo, F.J., Atuahiva, T., Tixier, M.S. and Kreiter, S. 2011. Biological control of Tetranychus evansi Baker & Pritchard and Tetranychus urticae Koch by Phytoseiulus longipes Evans in tomato greenhouses in Spain [Acari: Tetranychidae, Phytoseiidae]. Biological control, 58(1):30-35.
Fytrou, N., Ilias, A., Sklivakis, J. and Tsagkarakou, A. 2017. Lethal and sublethal effects of selected insecticides on commercially available natural enemies of whiteflies. IOBC-WPRS Bulletin, 125: 19-27.
Ghasemzadeh, S. and Qureshi, J.A. 2018. Demographic analysis of fenpyroximate and thiacloprid exposed predatory mite Amblyseius swirskii (Acari: Phytoseiidae). PLOS ONE, 13(11): p.e0206030.
Ghazy, N.A. and Amano, H. 2016. The use of the cannibalistic habit and elevated relative humidity to improve the storage and shipment of the predatory mite Neoseiulus californicus (Acari: Phytoseiidae). Experimental and Applied Acarology, 69(3):277-287.
Hamedi, N., Fathipaur, Y. and Saber, M. 2010. Sublethal effects of fenpyroximate on life table parameters 362of the predatory mite Phytoseius plumifer. BioControl, 55:271–278.
Hamedi, N., Fathipaur, Y. and Saber, M. 2011. Sublethal effects of abamectin on biological performance of Phytoseius plumifer (Phytoseiidae) on Tetranychus urticae, Experimental and Applied Acarology, 53:29–40.
Hamedi, N. 2022. Side Effects of Pesticides on Population Growth Parameters, Life Table Parameters, and Predation of the Subsequent Generation of Phytoseiid Mites. In: Larramendy, M.L., Soloneski, S., 368editors. Pesticides. London: IntechOpen. DOI: 10.5772/intechopen.104229
Havasi, M., Kheradmand, K., Mosallanejad, H. and Fathipour, Y. 2019. Sublethal effects of diflovidazin on demographic parameters of the predatory mite, Neoseiulus californicus (Acari: Phytoseiidae). International Journal of Acarology, 45(4):238-244.
Havasi, M., Kheradmand, K., Mosallanejad, H. and Fathipour, Y. 2020. Influence of low-lethal concentrations of thiamethoxam on biological characteristics of Neoseiulus californicus (Acari: Phytoseiidae). Journal of Crop Protection, 9(1):41-55.
Havasi, M., Kheradmand, K., Mosallanejad, H. and Fathipour, Y. 2018. Sublethal effects of diflovidazin on life table parameters of two-spotted spider mite Tetranychus urticae (Acari: Tetranychidae). International Journal of Acarology, 44(2-3):115-120.
Havasi, M., Sangak Sani Bozhgani, N., Golmohmmadi, G. and Kheradmand, K. 2021. Impact of hexythiazox on life table parameters of the Amblyseius swirskii (Acari: Phytoseiidae) and its prey Tetranychus urticae. Journal of Crop Protection, 10(2):295-308.
Havasi, M., Zahedi Golpayegani, A. and Bandani, A. 2022. The sublethal concentration of Cyflumetofen adversely affect demographic parameters of Tetranychus urticae (Acari: Tetranychidae): Using age-stage, two-sex life tables. International Journal of Acarology, 48(4-5):1-7.
Helle, W. and Overmeer, W. P. J. 1985. Toxicological test methods. In: Helle, W. and Sabelis, M. W. (Eds), Spider Mites. Their Biology, Natural Enemies and Control. Vol. 1A. Elsevier, Amsterdam, Oxford, New York, pp: 391-395.
Huang, Y.B. and Chi, H. 2013. Life tables of Bactrocera cucurbitae (Diptera: Tephritidae): with an invalidation of the jackknife technique. Journal of Applied Entomology, 137(5):327-339.
IBM, SPSS. 2010. IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 19.
Ibrahim, Y. B. and Yee, T. S. 2000. Influence of sublethal exposure to abamectin on the biological performance of Neoseiulus longispinosus (Acari: Phytoseiidae). Journal of Economic Entomology, 93(4): 1085-1089.
Khanamani, M., Fathipour, Y., Talebi, A.A. and Mehrabadi, M. 2017. Linking pollen quality and performance of Neoseiulus californicus (Acari: Phytoseiidae) in two-spotted spider mite management programmes. Pest Management Science, 73(2):452-461.
Khederi, S.J. and Khanjani, M. 2014. Modeling demographic response to constant temperature in Bryobia rubrioculus (Acari: Tetranychidae). Ecologica Montenegrina, 1(1):18-29.
Kheradmand, K., Heidari, M., Sedaratian-Jahromi, A., Talaei-Hassanloui, R. and Havasi, M. 2022. Biological responses of Tetranychus urticae (Acari: Tetranychidae) to sub-lethal concentrations of the entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana. Bulletin of Entomological Research, 112(1):70-77.
Khodayari, S. and Hamedi, N. 2021. Biological control of Tetranychidae by considering the effect of insecticides. In: Insecticides, London: IntechOpen. DOI: 10.5772/intechopen.100296
Lopez, L., Smith, H.A., Hoy, M.A. and Bloomquist, J.R. 2015. Acute toxicity and sublethal effects of fenpyroximate to Amblyseius swirskii (Acari: Phytoseiidae). Journal of Economic Entomology, 108(3):1047-1053.
Maroufpoor, M., Ghoosta, Y., Pourmirza, A.A. and Lotfalizadeh, H. 2016. The effects of selected acaricides on life table parameters of the predatory mite, Neoseiulus californicus fed on European red mite. North-Western Journal of Zoology, 12(1):1-6.
Messelink, G.J., van Maanen, R., van Steenpaal, S.E. and Janssen, A. 2008. Biological control of thrips and whiteflies by a shared predator: two pests are better than one. Biological Control, 44(3): 372-379.
Mousavi, A., Kheradmand, K., Fathipour, Y., Mosallanejad, H. and Havasi, M. 2022. Sublethal effects of Milbemectin on biological parameters of Amblyseius swirskii (Acari: Phytoseiidae). Systematic and Applied Acarology, 27(6):1085-1097.
Nomikou, M., Janssen, A., Schraag, R., Sabelis, M.W. 2001. Phytoseiid predators as potential biological control agents for Bemisia tabaci. Experimental and Applied Acarology, 25:271–291.
Park, H.H., Shipp, L., Buitenhuis, R. and Ahn, J.J. 2011. Life history parameters of a commercially available Amblyseius swirskii (Acari: Phytoseiidae) fed on cattail (Typha latifolia) pollen and tomato russet mite (Aculops lycopersici). Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology, 14(4):497-501.
Rashidi, F. and Ganbalani, G.N. 2018. Toxicity and sublethal effects of selected insecticides on life parameters of Encarsia formosa (Hymenoptera: aphelinidae), a Parasitoid of Trialeurodes vaporariorum (Hemiptera: aleyrodidae). Journal of Entomological Science, 53(4):543-553.
Roush, R.T. and Plapp Jr, F.W. 1982. Biochemical genetics of resistance to aryl carbamate insecticides in the predaceous mite, Metaseiulus occidentalis. Journal of Economic Entomology, 75(2):304-307.
Salman, S.Y. and Keskin, C. 2019. The effects of milbemectin and spirodiclofen resistance on Phytoseiulus persimilis AH (Acari: Phytoseiidae) life table parameters. Crop Protection, 124:104751.
Saraiva, W.V., Vieira, I.G., Galvão, A.S., Do Amaral, E.A., Rêgo, A.S., Teodoro, A.V. and Dias-Pini, N.S. 2020. Lethal and sublethal effects of babassu and degummed soybean oils on the predatory mite Typhlodromus ornatus (Acari: Phytoseiidae). International Journal of Acarology, 46(3):180-184.
Shahbaz, M., Khoobdel, M., Khanjani, M., Hosseininia, A. and Khederi, S.J. 2019. Sublethal effects of acetamiprid on biological aspects and life table of Amblyseius swirskii (Acari: Phytoseiidae) fed on Aleuroclava jasmini (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae). Systematic and Applied Acarology, 24(5):814-824.
Stark, J. D. and Banks, J. E. 2003. Populationlevel effects of pesticides and other toxicants on arthropods. Annual Review of Entomology, 48:505-519.
Tang, Q., Xiang, M., Hu, H., An, C. and Gao, X. 2015. Evaluation of sublethal effects of sulfoxaflor on the green peach aphid (Hemiptera: Aphididae) using life table parameters. Journal of Economic Entomology, 108(6):2720-2728.
Tomizawa, M. and Casida, J.E. 2005. Neonicotinoid insecticide toxicology: mechanisms of selective action. Annual review of pharmacology and toxicology, 45:247-268.
Uygun, T., Ozguven, M.M. and Yanar, D. 2020. A new approach to monitor and assess the damage caused by two-spotted spider mite. Experimental and Applied Acarology, 82(3):335-346.
Van de Vrie, M., McMurtry, J. and Huffaker, C. 1972. Ecology of tetranychid mites and their natural enemies: A review: III. Biology, ecology, and pest status, and host-plant relations of tetranychids. Hilgardia, 41(13): 343-432.
Van Leeuwen, T., Tirry, L., Yamamoto, A., Nauen, R. and Dermauw, W. 2015. The economic importance of acaricides in the control of phytophagous mites and an update on recent acaricide mode of action research. Pesticide biochemistry and physiology, 121:12-21.
Van Leeuwen, T., Vontas, J., Tsagkarakou, A., Dermauw, W. and Tirry, L. 2010. Acaricide resistance mechanisms in the two-spotted spider mite Tetranychus urticae and other important Acari: a review. Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 40 (8): 563-572.
Xiao, Y., Avery, P., Chen, J., McKenzie, C. and Osborne, L. 2012. Ornamental pepper as banker plants for establishment of Amblyseius swirskii (Acari: Phytoseiidae) for biological control of multiple pests in greenhouse vegetable production. Biological Control, 63(3):279-286.
Zanardi, O. Z., Bordini, G. P., Franco, A. A., Jacob, C. R. and Yamamoto, P. T. 2017. Sublethal effects of pyrethroid and neonicotinoid insecticides on Iphiseiodes zuluagai Denmark and Muma (Mesostigmata: Phytoseiidae). Ecotoxicology , 26 (9): 1188 -1198.
Zhang, Z. Q. 2003. Mites of Greenhouses: Identification, Biology and Control, CABI Publisher, UK.