Impact of soil-borne inoculum on sheath blight disease development in rice

Document Type : Original Research

Authors
Maryam Khoshkdaman 1
Sedigheh Mousanejad 1
Seyed Ali Elahinia 1
Ali-Akbar Ebadi 2
Fereidoun Padasht-Dehkaei 2
1 Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran.
2 Rice Research Institute of Iran (RRII), Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Rasht, Iran.
10.48311/jcp.2020.1506
Abstract
Sheath blight disease of rice caused by Rhizoctonia solani AG-1 IA, has become one of the major diseases in some rice- growing areas in recent years. Primary inoculum density seems to be a major factor in disease outbreak. The aim of the current study was to determine the relationship between the primary inoculum density and type and the disease intensity, grain yield and yield loss. Field experiments were conducted in both years of 2017 and 2018 in Guilan province, Iran. Disease incidence and severity were significantly higher when the highest inoculum densities (mycelial and sclerotial) were tested. When sclerotia were applied as the primary inoculum, disease developed more quickly. Based on the results of the current study, in a temperate lowland rice system in Guilan province, sclerotia floating on the water surface after puddling can be the primary source of inoculum and play a major role in sheath blight epidemics whereas mycelia in plant debris probably lose their viability in winter. These results suggested that control of sheath blight disease in order to prevent sclerotia production and reduce the main disease inoculum can be a promising strategy for suppressing this disease in the rice fields of Guilan province.
Keywords
 rice
sheath blight
primary inoculum
viable sclerotia
Guilan Province

Subjects

1. Belmar, S. B., Jones, R. K. and Srarr, J. L. 1987. Influence of crop rotation on inoculum density of Rhizoctonia solani and sheath blight incidence in rice. Phytopathology, 77: 1138-1143.
2. Binesh, H. and Torabi, M. 1985. Mode of transmission of rice sheath blight through seeds and reaction of rice cultivars to the disease. Iranian Journal of Plant Pathology, 21: 15-25.
3. Cu, R. M., Me, T. W., Cassman, K. G. and Teng, P. S. 1996. Effect of sheath blight on yield in tropical, intensive rice production system. Plant Disease, 80: 1103-1108.
4. Damicone, J. P., Patel, M. V. and Moore, W. F. 1993. Density of sclerotia of Rhizoctonia solani and incidence of sheath blight in rice fields in Mississippi. Plant Disease, 77: 257-260.
5. Damodar Naidu, V., Koteswara Rao, D. and Srihari Rao, K. 1983. Disease management. Outbreak of sheath blight of rice in west Godavari district in Andhra Pradesh. International Rice Research Newsletter, 4: 3.
6. Dasgupta, M. K. 1992. Rice sheath blight: The challenge continues. Singh, U. S. et al. (ed.). Plant Diseases of International Importance. Volume I. Diseases of Cereals and Pulses, pp 130-157.
7. Gangopadhyay, S. and Chakrabarti, N. K. 1982. Sheath blight of rice. Review of Plant Pathology, 61: 451-460.
8. Groth, D. E. and Nowick, E. M. 1992. Selection for resistance to rice sheath blight through number of infection cushions and lesion type. Plant disease, 76: 721-723.
9. Guleria, S., Aggarwal, R., Thind, T. S. and Sharma, T. R. 2007. Morphological and pathological variability in rice isolates of Rhizoctonia solani and molecular analysis of their genetic variability. Journal of Phytopathology, 155: 657-661.
10. Guo, Q., Kamio, A., Sharma, B. S., Sagara, Y., Arakawa, M. and Inagaki, K. 2006. Survival and subsequent dispersal of rice sclerotial disease fungi, Rhizoctonia oryzae and Rhizoctonia oryzae-sativae in paddy fields. Plant Disease, 90: 615-622.
11. Hashiba, T. 1984. Forecasting model and estimation of yield loss by rice sheath blight disease. Japan Agricultural Research Quarterly, 18: 92-98.
12. Hashiba, T. and Kobayashi, T. 1996. Rice diseases incited by Rhizoctonia species. In Rhizoctonia Species: Taxonomy, Molecular Biology, Ecology, Pathology and Disease Control, pp. 331-340.
13. Hashiba, T. and Mogi, S. 1976. Developmental changes in sclerotia of the rice sheath blight fungus. Phytopathology, 65: 159-162.
14. Khosravi, V., Padasht-Dehkaei, F., Naeimi, S., Rostami, M. and Ceresini, P. C. 2011. First report of naturally occurring Thanathephorus cucumeris (anamorph: Rhizoctonia solani AG-1 IA) on paddy- rice fields from Iran. Iranian Journal of Plant Pathology, 47: 27-28.
15. Kobayashi, T., Ijiri, T., Mew, T. W., Manings, G. and Hashiba, T. 1995. Computerized forecasting system (BLIGHTASIRRI) for rice sheath blight in the Philippines. Annals of the Phytopathology Society of Japan, 61: 562-568.
16. Kobayashi, T., Mew, T. W. and Hashiba, T. 1997. Relationship between incidence of rice sheath blight and primary inoculum in the Philippines: mycelia in plant debris and sclerotia. Annals of the Phytopathology Society of Japan, 63: 324-327.
17. Kozaka, T. 1961. Ecological studies on sheath blight of rice plant caused by Pellicularia sasakii (Shirai) S. Ito, and its chemical control. Chugoku Agricultural Research, 20: 1-133.
18. Kozaka. T. 1970. Pellicularia sheath blight of rice plants and its control. Japan Agricultural Research Quarterly, 5: 12-16.
19. Kozaka T. 1975. Sheath blight in rice plants and its control. Review Plant Protection Research, 8: 69-80.
20. Lee, F. N. 1980. Number, viability and buoyancy of Rhizoctonia solani sclerotia in Arkansas rice fields. Plant Disease, 64: 298-300.
21. Mew, T. W, Rosales, A. M. and Elazegui, F. A. 1980. Ecology of rice sheath blight pathogen: saprophytic survival. International Rice Research Newsletter, 5: 15.
22. Miyake, I. 1910. Studient uber die Pilze der Reispflanze in Japan. Journal Agriculture Imperial University Tokyo, 2: 237-276.
23. Okhovvat, S. M. 1999. Cereal Diseases (Barley, Wheat, Rice, Corn and Sorghum). Tehran, Iran: Tehran University Publications.
24. Otomo, T. 1989. Damage caused by major plant diseases [as representative rice diseases] and plant pest forecasting program in Japan. Tropical Agriculture Research Series, 22: 77-80.
25. Ou, S. H. 1985. Rice Diseases: Commonwealth Mycological Institute. Kew, Surrey, England.
26. Padasht‐Dehkaei, F., Ceresini, P. C., Zala, M., Okhovvat, S. M, Nikkhah, M. J. and McDonald, B. A. 2013. Population genetic evidence that basidiospores play an important role in the disease cycle of rice‐infecting populations of Rhizoctonia solani AG‐1 IA in Iran. Plant Pathology, 62: 49-58.
27. Reinking, O. 1918. Philippine economic plant diseases. The Philippine Journal of Science, 13: 165-274.
28. SAS Institute. 2003. SAS User's Guide: Statistics (Version 9.1.3). Cary, NC, USA.
29. Savary, S., Elazegui, F. A., Moody, K., Litsinger, J. A. and Teng, P. S. 1994. Characterization of rice cropping practices and multiple pest systems in the Philippines. Agricultural Systems, 46: 385-408.
30. Savary, S., Castilla, N. P., Elazegui, F. A., McLaren, C. G., Ynalvez, M. A. and Teng, P. S. 1995. Direct and indirect effects of nitrogen supply and disease source structure on rice sheath blight spread. Phytopathology, 85: 959-965.
31. Savary, S., Willocquet, L. and Teng, P. S. 1997. Modeling sheath blight epidemics on rice tillers. Agricultural System, 55: 384-395.
32. Sivalingam, P. N., Vishwakarma, S. N. and Singh, U. S. 2006. The role of seed-born inoculum of Rhizoctonia solani in sheath blight of rice. Indian Phytopathology, 59: 445-452.
33. Tan, W. Z., Zhang, W., Ou, Z. Q., Li, C. W., Zhou, G. J., Wang, Z. K. and Yin, L. L. 2007. Analyses of the temporal development and yield losses due to sheath blight of rice (Rhizoctonia solani AG1 1A). Agricultural Science in China, 6: 1074-1081.
34. Wu, W., Huang, J., Cui, K. et al. 2012. Sheath blight reduces stem breaking resistance and increases lodging susceptibility of rice plants. Field Crops Research, 128: 101-108.
Journal of Crop Protection
Volume 9, Issue 4
December 2020
Pages 625-635