Comparison of trapped western flower thrips, Frankliniella occidentalis (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) to yellow and blue sticky traps in three different heights on two greenhouse rose cultivars

Document Type : Original Research

Authors
1 Department of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran.
2 Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran.
Abstract




Abstract: Western flower thrips, Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande), an important pest in rose greenhouses, has several generations per year, and in addition to direct feeding damage to rose flowers it also transmits tospoviruses. Because of resistance to insecticides, alternative strategies are needed to manage this pest, including trapping. In this study, trapping by sticky traps of two different colours (blue and yellow) was experimented at three different heights (at canopy level, and 20 cm above and below canopy level) on two rose cultivars (Red one and Avalanche). The numbers of trapped thrips were counted after five days. The number on the blue sticky traps, regardless of their height of placement and type of cultivar, was significantly higher than that on the yellow traps. Number of thrips on blue traps at 20 cm above the canopy was significantly higher than on blue traps at the other levels in both cultivars. In contrast, the number of thrips that were trapped in yellow sticky tarps in various heights as well as cultivars was not significantly different.
Keywords

Subjects


References
Bergh, C. J and Le Blanc, J. P. R. 1997. Performance of western flower thrips (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) on cultivars of miniature rose. Journal of Economic Entomology, 90: 679-688.
Brødsgaard, H. F. 1989. Coloured sticky traps for Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande)(Thysanoptera, Thripidae) in glasshouses. Journal of Applied Entomology, 107: 136-140.
Broughton, S. and Harrison, J. 2012. Evaluation of monitoring methods for thrips and the effect of trap colour and semiochemicals on sticky trap capture of thrips (Thysanoptera) and beneficial insects (Syrphidae, Hemerobiidae) in deciduous fruit trees in Western Australia. Crop Protection 42: 156-163.
Chris, J. C., Bergh, J., Le Blanc, J. P. R. 1997. Performance of western flower thrips (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) on cultivars of miniature rose. Journal of Economic Entomology, 90: 679–688.
Childers, C. C. and Brecht, J. K. 1996. Colored sticky traps for monitoring Frankliniella bispinosa (Morgan) (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) during flowering cycles in citrus. Journal of Economic Entomology, 89: 1240-1249.
Degraaf, H. E. and Wood, G. M. 2009. An improved method for rearing Western flower
thrips Frankliniella occidentalis. Florida Entomolosit, 92: 664-666.
De Assis Filho, F. M., Deom, C. M. and Sherwood, J. M. 2004. Acquisition of Tomato spotted wilt virus by Adults of Two Thrips Species. Phytopatholology 94: 333-336.
Gillespie, D. R. and Vernon, R. S. 1990. Trap catch of western flower thrips
(Thysanoptera: Thripidae) as affected by color and height of sticky traps
in mature greenhouse cucumber crops. Journal of Economic Entomology,
83: 971-975.
Jensen, S. E. 2000. Insecticide resistance in the western flower thrips, Frankliniella occidentalis. Integrated Pest Management Review, 5: 131-146.
Kirk, W. D. J. 2002. The pest and vector from the West: Frankliniella occidentalis. In Thripes and Tospoviruses: Proceedings of the 7th International symposium on Thysanoptera. 2: 33-42.
Kirk, W. D. J. and Terry, I. L. 2003. The spread of the Western flower thrips, Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergand). ‎ Agricultural and Forest Entomology, 5: 301-310.
Lewis, T. 1997. Pest thrips in prespective. In: Lewis T, editor. Therips as Crop Pests. Wallingford, UK, CAB International; p. 11–13.
Pinto, Z., Evallos, D. M. and Vanninen, I. 2013. Yellow sticky traps for decision-making in whitefly management: what has been achieved?. Crop Protection, 47: 74-84.
Reitz, S. R. 2009. Biology and ecology of the western flower thrips (Thysanoptera: Thripidae): The making of a pest. Florida Entomolosit, 92: 7-13.
Terry, I. L. 1997. Host selection, communication and reproductive behaviour. In: Lewis T, editor. Therips as Crop Pests. Wallingford, UK, CAB International; p. 65-118.
Tommasini, M. G. and Maini, S. 1995. Frankliniella occidentalis and other thrips
harmful to vegetables and ornamental crops. Wageningen Agricultural University Papers 95: 1-42.
SAS. 1999. Statistical Analysis System User’ Guide Statistics. SAS Institute Inc. Cary NC 27513 USA.
Yudin, L. S., Ch, J. J. and Mitchell, W. C. 1986. Host range of western flower thrips, Frankliniella occidentalis (Thysanoptera: Thripidae), with special reference to Leucaena glauca. Environmental Entomology, 15: 1292-1295.
Zhang, Z. J., Wu, Q. J., Li, X. F., Zhang, Y. Y., Xu, B. Y. and Zhu, G. R. 2007. Life history of western flower thrips, Frankliniella occidentalis (Thysanoptera Thripidae) on five different vegetable leaves. Journal of Applied Entomology, 131: 347-354.