Association of Pantoea agglomerans with the citrus bacterial canker disease in Iran

Sherafati, Faegheh; Khodaygan, Pejman; Azadvar, Mahdi; Sedaghati, Ebrahim; Saberi-Riseh, Roholah; Baghaee-Ravari, Sareh

doi:10.48311/jcp.2014.1132

Association of Pantoea agglomerans with the citrus bacterial canker disease in Iran

10.48311/jcp.2014.1132

Volume 3, Issue 3
September 2014

Pages 345-355

Authors

F. Sherafati ¹

P. Khodaygan ¹

M. Azadvar ²

E. Sedaghati ¹

R. Saberi-Riseh ¹

S. Baghaee-Ravari ³

¹ Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Vali-e-Asr University of Rafsanjan Iran.

² Jiroft and Kahnouj Agricultural Research Center, Jiroft Iran.

³ Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad Iran.

Abstract

Samples of leaf, twig and fruit from ‘Mexican’ lime (Citrus aurantifolia) and grapefruit (Citrus paradisi) with symptoms of bacterial canker were collected from different provinces throughout Iran during spring and summers of 2010 and 2011. Yellow, gram-negative colonies were isolated from infected tissue samples. Results of pathogenicity assays indicated that some isolates incited tissue hyperplasia, hypertrophy and raised callus-like lesions typical of canker in hosts while other isolates stimulated flat necrotic and water-soaked lesions on leaves. Candidate samples of each group were identified according to morphological and physiological characteristics. Detections were also made using specific primers and partial sequencing of 16SrDNA for Pantoea group and gyrB for Xanthomonas group. Results showed that one group was characterized as the typical Xanthomonas citri subsp. citri strain while the other group containing most of the isolates was identified as Pantoea agglomerans. Samplings done frequently in different seasons revealed the presence of high populations of P. agglomerans with bacterial canker, especially in warmer and drier regions. These bacteria were able to incite canker-like symptoms on grapefruit seedlings and could be reisolated after two months.

Keywords

Pantoea agglomerans

Citrus canker-like disease

Pathogenicity

Iran

20.1001.1.22519041.2014.3.3.10.9

Alizadeh, A, and Rahimian, H. 1990. Citrus canker in Kerman Province. Iranian Journal of Plant Pathology, 26: 1-4.
Anonymous. 2012. Annual Agricultural Statistics. Ministry of Jihad-e-Agriculture of Iran. .
Ausubel, F., Brent, R., Kingston, R., Moore, D., Seidman, J., Smith, J. and Struhl, K. 1992. Current Protocols in Molecular Biology. Greene and Wiley. Brooklyn, NY.
Brady, C., Cleenwerck, I., Venter, S., Vancanneyt, M., Swings, J. and Coutinho, T. 2008. Phylogeny and identification of Pantoea species associated with plants, humans and the natural environment based on multilocus sequence analysis (MLSA). Systematic and Applied Microbiology, 31: 447-460.
Cook, A. 1988. Association of citrus canker pustules with leaf miner tunnels in North Yemen. Plant Disease, 72: 546.
Cruz, A. T., Cazacu, A. C and Allen, C. H. 2007. Pantoea agglomerans, a plant pathogen causing human disease. Journal of Clinical Microbiology, 45: 1989-1992.
Cubero, J. and Graham, J. H. 2002. Genetic relationship among worldwide strains of Xanthomonas cauing canker in citrus species and design of new primers for their identification by PCR. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 68: 1257-1264.
Das, A. 2003. Citrus canker-A review. Journal of Applied Horticulture, 5: 52-60.
Delétoile, A., Decré, D., Courant, S., Passet, V., Audo, J., Grimont, P., Arlet, G. and Brisse, S. 2009. Phylogeny and identification of Pantoea species and typing of Pantoea agglomerans strains by multilocus gene sequencing. Journal of Clinical Microbiology, 47: 300-310.
Frederick, R. D., Ahmad, M., Majerczak, D. R., Arroyo-Rodríguez, A. S., Manulis, S. and Coplin, D. L. 2001. Genetic organization of the Pantoea stewartii subsp. stewartii hrp gene cluster and sequence analysis of the hrpA, hrpC, hrpN, and wtsE operons. Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions, 14: 1213-1222.
Goto, M., Tadauchi, Y. and Okabe, N. 1979. Interaction between Xanthomonas citri and Erwinia herbicola in vitro and in vivo. Annals of the Phytopathological Society of Japan, 45: 618-624.
Hacker, J., Blum‐Oehler, G., Mühldorfer, I. and Tschäpe, H. 1997. Pathogenicity islands of virulent bacteria: structure, function and impact on microbial evolution. Molecular Microbiology, 23: 1089-1097.
Hacker, J., Kaper, J. B. 2000. Pathogenicity islands and the evolution of microbes. Annual Reviews in Microbiology, 54: 641-679.
Hartung, J. and Civerolo, E. 1989. Restriction fragment length polymorphisms distinguish Xanthomonas campestris strains isolated from Florida citrus nurseries from X. c. pv. citri. Phytopathology, 79: 793-799.
Irey, M. and Stall, R., 1981. Value of xanthomonadins for identification of pigmented Xanthomonas campestris pathovars.Proceeding International Conference Plant Pathogenic Bacteria. 5th, pp. 85-95.
Juhas, M., Der Meer, V., Roelof, J., Gaillard, M., Harding, R. M., Hood, D. W. and Crook, D. W. 2009. Genomic islands: tools of bacterial horizontal gene transfer and evolution. FEMS Microbiology Reviews, 33: 376-393.
Krishnapillai, V. 1996. Horizontal gene transfer. Journal of Genetics, 75: 219-232.
Lawrence, J. G. 2005. Horizontal and vertical gene transfer: the life history of pathogens. Contribiotion of Microbiology 12: 255-271.
Manulis, S. and Barash, I. 2003. Pantoea agglomerans pvs. gypsophilae and betae, recently evolved pathogens? Molecular Plant Pathology, 4: 307-314.
Marchesi, J. R., Sato, T., Weightman, A. J., Martin, T. A. and Fry, J. C., Hiom, S. J., Wade, W. G. 1998. Design and evaluation of useful bacterium-specific PCR primers that amplify genes coding for bacterial 16S rRNA. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 64: 795-799.
Marchi, G., Sisto, A., Cimmino, A., Andolfi, A., Cipriani, M., Evidente, A. and Surico, G. 2006. Interaction between Pseudomonas savastanoi pv. savastanoi and Pantoea agglomerans in olive knots. Plant Pathology, 55: 614-624.
Ngoc, L. B. T., Vernière, C., Boyer, C., Vital, K., Pruvost, O., Le Mai, N. and Le Thi Thu, H. 2009. Pathotype Identification of Xanthomonas citri pv. citri Strains Causing Citrus Canker in Vietnam. Plant Disease, 93: 671-671.
Ngoc, L. B. T., Vernière, C., Jouen, E., Ah-You, N., Lefeuvre, P., Chiroleu, F., Gagnevin, Land Pruvost, O. 2010. Amplified fragment length polymorphism and multilocus sequence analysis-based genotypic relatedness among pathogenic variants of Xanthomonas citri pv. citri and Xanthomonas campestris pv. bilvae. International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology, 60: 515-525.
Rezzonico, F., Smits, T. H. M., Montesinos, E., Frey, J. E. and Duffy, B. 2009. Genotypic comparison of Pantoea agglomerans plant and clinical strains. BMC Microbiology, 9: 204.
Schaad, N., Jones, J. and Chun, W. 2001. Plant Pathogenic Bacteria 3rd ed. The Bacteriology Committee of the American Phytopathological Society. APS Press, St. Paul, MN, USA.
Schaad, N. W., Postnikova, E., Lacy, G., Sechler, A., Agarkova, I. V., Stromberg, P. E. and Stromberg, V. K. and Vidaver, A.M. 2006. Emended classification of xanthomonad pathogens on citrus. Papers in Plant Pathology, 96.
Suk Park, D., Wook Hyun, J., Jin Park, Y., Sun Kim, J., Wan Kang, H., Ho Hahn, J. and Joo Go, S. 2006. Sensitive and specific detection of Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. citri by PCR using pathovar specific primers based on hrpW gene sequences. Microbiological Research, 161: 145-149.
Tamura, K., Dudley, J., Nei, M. and Kumar, S. 2007. MEGA4: molecular evolutionary genetics analysis (MEGA) software version 4.0. Molecular Biology and Evolution, 24: 1596-1599.
van Peer, R., Punte, H. L., de Weger, L. A. and Schippers, B. 1990. Characterization of root surface and endorhizosphere pseudomonads in relation to their colonization of roots. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 56: 2462-2470.
Weinthal, D. M., Barash, I., Tzfira, T., Gaba, V., Teper, D., Sessa, G. and Manulis-Sasson, S. 2011. Characterization of nuclear localization signals in the type III effectors HsvG and HsvB of the gall-forming bacterium Pantoea agglomerans. Microbiology, 157: 1500-1508.

XML

PDF 361.04 K