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Showing 6 results for Türkiye
Volume 2, Issue 1 (3-2025)
Abstract
The political and social unrest that began with protests in Tunisia and quickly spread across North Africa also brought about rapid changes in Libya’s political landscape. Although these protests resulted in the overthrow of Muammar Gaddafi’s regime in 2011, the chaos did not end there. Libya descended into a period of political instability and armed conflict. During this turbulent time, the Muslim Brotherhood emerged as one of the key political and social actors. In the post-Gaddafi era, the Brotherhood exploited the absence of a strong centralized authority and benefited from foreign support, particularly from Qatar and Turkey. They expanded their influence by establishing the Justice and Construction Party, which initially achieved success in early elections. However, competition with nationalist and secular forces curtailed its political gains. With Turkish military backing, the Muslim Brotherhood openly supported the Government of National Accord during the second wave of conflict in 2014. Conversely, the Libyan National Army (LNA), led by Khalifa Haftar and supported by regional states opposed to the Brotherhood—such as the UAE, Egypt, and Saudi Arabia—targeted the group through both political and military means, intensifying the conflict.
Volume 6, Issue 4 (11-2024)
Abstract
Introduction
Local elections in Türkiye are held every five years and involve the election of mayors and city council members in large and small cities in Türkiye. Turkish municipal elections are important because they reflect the general attitude of the people; especially in the field of domestic and local issues - economic, social, political, etc. life against political parties that try to exploit the results of local elections in the campaign for political competitions at the national level. In other words, at first glance, we are faced with an ordinary, relatively apolitical election based more on local affiliations, apparent abilities, candidates' field activity records in the municipal field, urban development projects and so on, rather than on party and political affiliations. Nevertheless, Turkish municipal elections are always lively and accompanied by maximum participation and a lot of political swings.
Methodology
This study as a qualitative one attempts to analyze and evaluate the results of Türkiye 2024 local elections and the main reasons affecting them in the political sphere of Türkiye using a descriptive-analytic method and library data collection method.
Results and discussion
2024 local elections in Türkiye highlighted the country's democratic maturity. The outcome of political competition at the ballot box represents another manifestations of democratic consolidation in the country. The Republican People's Party (CHP) ranked first in the elections where received 37.76% of the votes and won 14 metropolitan municipalities and 21 provinces. It is noteworthy that the CHP did not win over additional voters and did not expand its voter base; rather, the turnout rate was significantly lower, and the Justice and Development Party (AK Party) appears to have experienced a loss of support. As a result, the number of CHP voters increased by 3.3 million, while the AK Party saw a decline of 4.2 million. There is no doubt that the opposition's "grassroots alliance" strategy was effective in metropolitan areas, as the majority of the Green Left Party (YSP), informally known as the Peoples' Democratic Party (DEM Party), and Good Party (IP) supported CHP-affiliated candidates. In addition to consolidating its base, the CHP received strong support from similar-minded parties. The election results suggest that social programs, candidates and responses to economic challenges played a more significant role in voter decision-making than investments and projects of AK. Thus, the CHP succeeded in maintaining the opposition alliance established between 2019 and 2023, albeit with a different approach. In this context, the outreach and mobilization efforts surrounding CHP candidates Ekrem Imamoğlu and Mansur Yavaş effectively connected with the respective bases of aligned political parties.
Conclusions
Local governance, as one of the main sources of local participation in representative democracy, is formed through local elections and represents a democratic mechanism for managing the collective needs of human groups living in a geographical area of a country. Public participation is the main foundation of democracy and can directly affect the quality of democracy at the national level through local governance. Mayors and city councils in Türkiye are recognized as the most prominent symbols of local governance and democracy. Mayors have considerable authority in the political-executive system of this country, and the parties that take control of municipalities have numerous tools and facilities to strengthen their political and social base. Also, given the close ties established in local governance between parties and local residents, reaching the position of mayor, especially in Türkiye 's metropolitan cities, is an important exercise for introducing the country's future politicians. According to the results of the research, various factors were influential in this competitive-political campaign, some of which were socio-economic factors (the realities of citizens' daily lives at the local level), and the other part was the organizational problems and party base of the ruling party and new developments in the opposition, which were influential in the results of these elections; including the important changes in the political sphere of influence and local-national power of parties, as well as the pattern of party relations in the Turkish political sphere.
Volume 9, Issue 3 (9-2023)
Abstract
The superfamily Evanioidea (Hymenoptera, Apocrita) of Türkiye is reviewed based on the data taken from literature as well as newly collected material. In the current study, two species from Aulacidae, 10 species from Gasteruptiidae and two species from Evaniidae are identified, being new records for the mentioned provinces. Morever, Brachygaster minutus (Olivier, 1791) is recorded for the first time from Türkiye. Gasteruption insidiosum Semenov, 1892, G. merceti Kieffer, 1904, G. tournieri Schletterer, 1885, Pristaulacus gloriator (Fabricius, 1804), and Prosevania fuscipes (Illiger, 1807) are also new records for the Black Sea region. An updated checklist of the Evanioidea from Türkiye is provided for the first time. The family Aulacidae is represented by five species belonging to the genus Pristaulacus Kieffer, 1900, Evaniidae by five species belonging to three genera, Brachygaster Leach, 1815 (one species), Evania Fabricius, 1775 (three species), Prosevania Kieffer, 1911 (one species), and Gasteruptiidae by 36 species belonging to the genus Gasteruption Latreille, 1797.
Sultan Çobanoğlu, Masoud Hakimitabar, Elnaz Fadaei, Fethi Turgut, Cihan Cılbırcıoğlu,
Volume 12, Issue 4 (12-2023)
Volume 12, Issue 4 (12-2023)
Abstract
During a faunistic survey on mites in Kastamonu and Sinop provinces near Black Sea of Türkiye during the years 2013–2017, some larval specimens of parasitengone mites were collected from soil and light traps and identified as Erythraeus (E.) ankaraicus Saboori, Çobanoğlu and Bayram 2004, Allothrombium clavatum Saboori, Pešić and Hakimitabar, 2010, Abrolophus kazimierae (Haitlinger, 1986), Abrolophus poljankus Haitlinger and Šundić, 2021, Allothrombium meridionale Berlese, 1910, Empitrombium makolae Sevsay and Karakurt, 2013, Leptus (Leptus) slivovi Beron, 1975 and Calyptostoma velutinum (Müller, 1776). In this study, Leptus (Leptus) slivovi Beron, 1975, Abrolophus poljankus Haitlinger and Šundić, 2021 and Abrolophus balkanicus Haitlinger and Šundić, 2015 are new records to the mite fauna of Türkiye. Also, the identification key to known species of Abrolophus of the world without a comb-like seta on the palpal tarsus is updated.
Volume 24, Issue 1 (3-2024)
Abstract
The aim of this study is the comparative study of the intervention in foreign exchange markets in Iran, Türkiye and Mexico. Therefore, the goals, methods, and different tactics of the foreign exchange interventions of the central banks are discussed. In addition, in this study, to investigate and compare the behavior of the monetary authorities in the face of increasing exchange rate fluctuations, using the ordinary least squares method, the reaction function of the central bank has been estimated. The results of this research show that the foreign exchange interventions in Iran are different from those of Türkiye and Mexico in terms of the key features investigated. Also, according to the reaction function estimation results, in these countries the increase in the exchange rate leads to more sensitivity of the monetary authorities compared to its decrease.
Introduction
In this research, by examining the features of foreign exchange interventions, the differences and similarities of this foreign exchange policy are evaluated in Iran, Türkiye, and Mexico. Due to features such as the establishment of a floating currency system, the availability of daily intervention data, and the experience of currency crises, two emerging economies, Mexico and Türkiye, have been chosen to match the characteristics of foreign exchange interventions with interventions in Iran.
Methodology
First, we examine the general policies and laws of central banks in relation to foreign exchange policies in Türkiye and Iran. Then we have compared Iran, Mexico, and Türkiye's measures related to foreign exchange interventions. Laws, characteristics, reasons, and laws of foreign exchange interventions in Türkiye, Mexico and Iran are evaluated. The results of this research show how the laws, goals, and implementation methods of different foreign exchange interventions in Türkiye, Mexico, and Iran will reflect different reactions of the monetary authority. In this research, the ordinary least squares method is used to estimate the reaction function of the central banks of Iran, Mexico, and Türkiye. We consider the reaction function of the central bank as follows:
R t = c + α e t ~ + β ( e t ~ ) 2 + v t
In this equation,R t e t ~
Findings
The interventions of Mexico and Türkiye are different from the foreign exchange interventions in Iran in terms of the level of transparency, regularity, sterilization, and the tools used. In addition, some goals affecting the interventions were also different in the three countries. This result shows that among the monetary authorities of all three countries, there is a fear of an increase in the exchange rate, and the foreign exchange interventions of the countries are mainly aimed at reducing the exchange rate.
Discussion and Conclusion
The results show that the interventions of Mexico and Türkiye are different from the foreign exchange interventions in Iran in terms of the level of transparency, regularity, sterilization and the tools used. In addition, some goals affecting the interventions were also different in the three countries. Also, the results show that the monetary authorities of all three countries are more sensitive to an increase in the exchange rate than to a decrease in the exchange rate.
Introduction
In this research, by examining the features of foreign exchange interventions, the differences and similarities of this foreign exchange policy are evaluated in Iran, Türkiye, and Mexico. Due to features such as the establishment of a floating currency system, the availability of daily intervention data, and the experience of currency crises, two emerging economies, Mexico and Türkiye, have been chosen to match the characteristics of foreign exchange interventions with interventions in Iran.
Methodology
First, we examine the general policies and laws of central banks in relation to foreign exchange policies in Türkiye and Iran. Then we have compared Iran, Mexico, and Türkiye's measures related to foreign exchange interventions. Laws, characteristics, reasons, and laws of foreign exchange interventions in Türkiye, Mexico and Iran are evaluated. The results of this research show how the laws, goals, and implementation methods of different foreign exchange interventions in Türkiye, Mexico, and Iran will reflect different reactions of the monetary authority. In this research, the ordinary least squares method is used to estimate the reaction function of the central banks of Iran, Mexico, and Türkiye. We consider the reaction function of the central bank as follows:
In this equation,
Findings
The interventions of Mexico and Türkiye are different from the foreign exchange interventions in Iran in terms of the level of transparency, regularity, sterilization, and the tools used. In addition, some goals affecting the interventions were also different in the three countries. This result shows that among the monetary authorities of all three countries, there is a fear of an increase in the exchange rate, and the foreign exchange interventions of the countries are mainly aimed at reducing the exchange rate.
Discussion and Conclusion
The results show that the interventions of Mexico and Türkiye are different from the foreign exchange interventions in Iran in terms of the level of transparency, regularity, sterilization and the tools used. In addition, some goals affecting the interventions were also different in the three countries. Also, the results show that the monetary authorities of all three countries are more sensitive to an increase in the exchange rate than to a decrease in the exchange rate.
Volume 25, Issue 6 (11-2023)
Abstract
Determination of the optimum product components that would provide all actors is essential for agricultural products. Examining the most desired product characteristics for potatoes within the domestic market to contribute welfare and sustainability of a market-oriented agricultural production is of great importance for producers, intermediaries, and the community. In the present study, 3072 cross-sectional data acquired from consumers via face-to-face survey was used to determine optimum potato characteristics utilizing a multivariate Conjoint Analysis. It was found that potato has been consumed in fresh form in the domestic market. The factors affecting purchasing decision appeared to be 22.20% price, 20.22% sales point, 15.07% crust type, 22.13% crust color, and 13.23% view and package. The optimum product component scenario with a maximum utility value of 2.990 for the consumer at the community level was composed of the sales channels: local street market, price level: low (suitable), crust type: thin, crust color: yellow, view and product supply: 3 kg net, and scaling, and service: necessary. With the optimum product component set developed in the study, a market-oriented production model was determined for potatoes. Directing production within the determined scenario was considered a new way to assure sustainability of consumer and producer satisfaction and to solve market-related problems.
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