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Mohsen Abbod, Naser Safaie, Khodayar Gholivand, Mahdi Ayyari,
Volume 13, Issue 3 (12-2024)
Abstract
A bioassay-guided fractionation on repeated silica gel column chromatography was used to identify natural antifungal agents in the ethanol extract of Kelussia odoratissima leaves. The ethyl acetate fraction of the extract has significant inhibitory activity against Macrophomina phaseolina (Tassi) Goid, whereas the water fraction showed no effect. The main compound responsible for antifungal activity was determined by NMR and Mass Spectrometry techniques and identified as (Z)-3-butylidenephthalide. It exhibited the highest mycelial growth inhibition with IC50 = 270 mg/L. Additionally, it inhibited the microsclerotia production and dark pigments formation. (Z)-ligustilide was identified as a moderately active compound with 62% inhibition. These findings revealed the crucial role of natural phthalides as sources of bioactive compounds that might be used in natural pesticide discovery.
