Showing 11 results for Kheirkhah
Volume 2, Issue 3 (fall 2022)
Abstract
Aims: The purpose of this study is to introduce Ecovillage as a comprehensive model for the sustainable development of human settlements, which is an appropriate response to the challenges in the target urban-villages and Farahzad as the case study.
Methods: A descriptive-analytical approach has been applied in this study. In the theoretical part of the research, the principles of ecovillages have been investigated through the study and analysis of written documents and articles (documentary method) and the conceptual framework and general goals of Urban-Village sustainable development have been developed based on the ecovillage model. In terms of experimental studies, several field studies and site visits have been done in order to better understand the case study and its situation. The urban design framework of Farahzad Urban-Village has been developed based on AHP Analytic hierarchy process.
Findings: According to the study findings, the ecovillage model includes four key dimensions of environmental, social, economic and cultural and 18 principles that in Farahzad, environmental dimension and then social and economic dimension are the most important. The selected framework of Farahzad village is based on AHP, based on emphasizing its role in tourism and Residential, and considering both local and tourism areas.
Conclusion: The ecovillage is a comprehensive model for the sustainable development of Farahzad urban-village and the target villages. The principles and objectives of ecovillages include both substantive and procedural dimensions, which can be accomplished through a bottom-up process involving local residents and institutions.
Volume 4, Issue 1 (No.1 (Tome 13), (Articles in Persian) 2013)
Abstract
The current paper arose from the following thought: “What are the methods and techniques used in the translation of Culture-based metaphors?” The data used in this article is the result of a comparative study on the translation of Mathnawi by Reynold Nicholson. We used Harvey 2000 model to advance the research. In accordance with the needs of the study, metaphoric significance is presented. Six different types of significations are recognized here; than a sextet significance pattern, is presented, which might be used for any two languages being source and target for translation. As the final outcome of the research, different suggestions for these different signification types have been presented, which are based on the nature of the metaphors. Having these suggestions in hand, translators have a model to follow, so that they can overcome the translatability problems they may face in translation of metaphorical expressions. In the other words, applying this newly-born significance into translation practice and, finally, presenting a model for the translation of culture-based items are two main achievements of the research.
Volume 5, Issue 3 (Summer 2019)
Abstract
Aims: Mycoplasma synoviae, as one of the main pathogens of birds, causes a lot of economic losses to the poultry industry. This study aimed to identify M. synoviae strains in clinical samples by PCR and culture methods.
Materials & Methods: A total of 135 samples were randomly collected from the respiratory tracts of female broilers in industrial poultry farms in Kerman, Iran during the first six months of 2016. Samples were cultured on Frey and PPLO broth media. Then PCR method was performed to identify Mycoplasma genus and synoviae species. Finally, multiplex PCR was performed to determine the prevalence of P1, P30, and P116 virulence genes.
Findings: In this study, 17 (32%) out of 53 poultry samples were positive for the presence of Mycoplasma genus by culture method, whereas according to the PCR results, 25 (47%) out of 53 samples were confirmed as Mycoplasma genus, among which 13 samples (25%) were identified as M. synoviae species. Among the strains confirmed as M. synoviae, the prevalence rate of P1, P30, and P116 genes was 7 (53.8%), 6 46.1%), and 5 (38.46%), respectively.
Conclusion: According to the PCR and culture methods results, the prevalence of M. synoviae strains was high in industrial poultry farms, Kerman, Iran. The PCR results revealed a higher prevalence rate for this bacterium, suggesting that this method may be more reliable than culture method.
Volume 7, Issue 28 (11-2019)
Abstract
Rituals and arts, Iranian beliefs and traditions, and therefore the role and status of the ancient and innocent heroes of this land bring about diverse events in the rituals, myths and symbols of the Iranian Shiites, especially in Ashurā culture. The traces of these contents and thoughts can be found in many religious traditions. In this sense, the Ta'zieh manuscript is even more widespread because of its reputation among the general public. This article has attempted to show the impact of Siāvash's story on Ta'zieh version of Imam Hussein. Therefore the purpose of this research is through summarizing the two stories and their characteristics, to examine their similarities and their links with the mysterious birth of a celestial mother, their eternal aspect, their actions and reactions of nature to these heroes, their prediction and awareness of their destiny, their presence of supernatural, equipment, martyrdom, repetition of history, worship and protection, as well as common symbols and references. This research attempts to answer the question of how, in addition to tell a historical fact, it would be possible to combine the myths of mythical heroes with religious leaders in order to make the character more credible and even more praiseworthy.
Mohammad Javad Ardeh, Tahere Kheirkhah, Majeed Askari Seyahooei,
Volume 10, Issue 4 (11-2021)
Abstract
Tomato leafminer moth Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) is an important pest of the tomato plant. Light traps can play an influential role in reducing the pest population. Different light colors, three trap sizes, and three installation heights were evaluated under laboratory conditions. The light colors were white, yellow, green, red, blue, and blacklight blue (BLB). The traps, transparent containers of three sizes were 8.5, 10.5, and 14.5 cm in diameter and 15, 19, and 26 cm in height, respectively. The trap installation heights were 50, 75, and 100 cm above the plants’ canopy. The BLB color proved significantly more attractive to T. absoluta, followed by yellow and white colors. The light traps captured more males than females and more mated females than virgin ones. Both of the larger traps (10.5 cm d × 19 cm h and 14.5 cm d × 26 cm h), and higher installed ones (100 cm and 75 cm above the plants), captured a significantly higher number of moths compared to the smaller trap size and lower installation height. Accordingly, for mass trapping of moths, light traps with BLB source of light, with 10.5 cm in diameters and 19 cm in height, and installation at 75 cm above the canopy is recommended in greenhouses.
Volume 13, Issue 2 (5-2013)
Abstract
Molecular dynamics simulations have been performed to study the mechanical properties of hydrogen functionalized graphene. We find out that Young’s modulus and tensile strength of pristine graphene are in good agreement with experimental results. It is shown that hydrogen functionalization can considerably modify the mechanical properties of graphene. It is also found that the patterned orrandom hydrogen coverage have different effects on the mechanical properties of graphene. Using molecular dynamics simulation, we study the mechanical properties of hydrogen functionalized graphene under tension and shear deformations at constant room temperature. Young’s modulus and shear modulus, tensile and shear strengths and tensile and shear fracture strains are mechanical parameters that are calculated in order to investigate the mechanical properties of hydrogen functionalized graphene. Results show that in some cases, hydrogen coverage pattern is important independent of its coverage percentage. The underlying mechanisms were explained considering the difference between sp^2 and sp^3 hybridization.
Volume 15, Issue 78 (8-2018)
Abstract
In this study, concentrations of 1, 1.5 and 2% of chamomile, echium amoenum and valerian extracts were used in Ice cream formulation and its physicochemical (dry matter, solid non fat, acidity, pH, fat and viscosity), antioxidant properties (IC50), total phenolic content and sensory properties were investigated on the first day of production. The analysis of the results showed with by increasing the concentration of extracts, dry matter, solid non fat, pH and viscosity significantly decreased (p≤0.05) and acidity increased (p≤0.05). The use of extracts did not have a significant effect on fat changes (p> 0.05). analysis of antioxidant and polyphenolic properties showed that with increasing the amount of extract in ice cream, their antioxidant properties increased and the highest antioxidant activity belonged to the sample containing 2% valerian extract that containing higher phenolic compounds. The results of sensory evaluation showed that the highest sensory properties and overall acceptance in the treatments containing echium amoenum extract and the least sensory properties and overall acceptance were observed in the medium-to-high concentrations of valerian extract with along in high-dose chamomile extract treatments. Using 1% valerian extract can produce a functional traditional ice cream with qualitative and nutritional properties desirable and acceptable for consumers.
Volume 17, Issue 4 (7-2015)
Abstract
The goal of this study was to estimate the sensitivity of reference evapotranspiration (ET0) to changes in meteorological parameters in the Caspian region. Long-term meteorological data (1961-2008) were obtained from three synoptic meteorological stations. The region was primarily classified into three climatic zones, based on De Martonne climate classification. The Penman–Monteith equation was applied to calculate the ET0 and the sensitivity of ET0was studied in terms of changes in air temperature, solar radiation, wind speed and vapor pressure within a possible range of ±20% from the normal long-term meteorological parameters. The results indicated that the Caspian region could be classified into the three climatic classes: Mediterranean, humid, and extremely humid. During the last half century, meteorological parameters and, in particular, temperature of the Caspian region has changed dramatically and the ET0 has increased as a result of climate change. The study suggests that an increase in temperature by 20% (approximately 3.3 ºC) will result in ET0 demand increase by 16%. Changes in vapor pressure (20%) represented the highest inverse effect on annual ET0throughout the Caspian region (-19% in the Mediterranean, and -30% in other climates). The Mediterranean and extremely humid climates of the Caspian region showed an increase of 2 and 5% of the total ET0, respectively, in response to 20% change in the wind speed. It is quite essential for managers to take into consideration the expected change in evapotranspiration owing to global warming while planning for development of artificial and natural ecosystems in the Caspian region.
Volume 18, Issue 8 (12-2018)
Abstract
The investigations of changes in bed surface of sediment due to the fluid flow and tracing sediment motion are complex and attractive for the researchers. In the recent decade, modeling of fluid flow using the Lagrangian methods, e.g. Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH), is of interest. In this study, the open-source two dimensional SPHyiscs code is used to model the two phase Newtonian and non-Newtonian flows using the μ(I) visco-plastic model, which is obtained according to particle properties including inertia and friction coefficient. First, and in order to study the visco-plastic model, the one phase code is extended to non-Newtonian and the SPH results are compared with the experimental model of the collapsing granular column, where a harmonic interpolation is used for the viscosity of particles. In this stage, the comparison of the SPH model with the experimental data shows a good agreement. Then, the numerical method is utilized for the simulation of Newtonian dam-break fluid flow over a movable bed. The proposed model treat sediments as a non-Newtonian fluid using μ(I) model, by implementing the harmonic interpolation for the viscosity coupled with the Owen’s relation at the interface. Results show that the proposed model has a capability for simulating two-phase water sediment systems.
Volume 20, Issue 5 (May 2020)
Abstract
Investigating dense flows containing cohesive sediments (turbidity currents) in water environment has been a main interest for researchers in hydraulic and fluid mechanic science. This kind of flow streams at bed surface because of higher density than water and penetrate to overhead water, which causes turbidness. In the following research, this kind of flow has been modeled using two-phase simulation with smoothed particle hydrodynamics Lagrangian method. A SPHysics2D code has been developed for modeling, in which pressure value is explicitly calculated using equation of state. Also, Herschel-Bulkley-Papanastasiou single relation non-Newtonian viscoplastic model has been used for modeling cohesive sediment phase. After that for investigating the amount of penetration of cohesive sediment mixture in limpid water, advection-diffusion equation was used for developing code. Finally, one and two phase results obtained from the present model were compared to experimental models. The study shows that the present developed model is able to model these flows desirably and could be utilized for studying concentration amount, dense flow penetration and their propagation in water environment.
Volume 21, Issue 2 (5-2021)
Abstract
In this paper, a crack detection method is presented to detect Euler-Bernoulli beams containing arbitrary number of transverse cracks. The proposed method uses the time domain signal of the free vibration response to provide the position and depth of cracking of the Euler-Bernoulli beam that is modeled with a modified stiffness using the Spring model, with high accuracy and precision. The time history responses used in this paper are nodal computational accelerations at certain points of the beam exposed to impact load. The acceleration of the nodes is calculated with the Newmark beta method at the edge of the elastic beam`s superelements. Initially, using the computational time history of the damaged beam and the analytical model of the Euler-Bernoulli beam, the objective function of the failure detection problem, to be optimized by particle swarm algorithm, is defined and, intensity and location of transverse cracks are calculated by solving the optimization problem in Matlab environment. In order to determine the accuracy of the proposed method, three beam samples with different cracks and loadings are considered. In the first sample, the crack supposed to be in the superelements of beam and the beam considered to be with four elements as superelements. The second one has ten elements and same loading as previous. The third one has twenty elements and the loading is on the second element. All of the loadings are impulse loads. The comparison of the results of a four elements beam with the primitive conditions shows that accuracy of the deducted results were exactly matched. For the ten element beam, the results were satisfying but in the twenty element beam with asymmetric loading, obtained results indicate imprecise match.
To determine the accuracy of the developed model in real environmental conditions, different percentages of noise were added to the data of all three samples. These noise addition to data, contain 1, 3, 5 Percentages of noise. The results show that the model presented in the presence of noise also provides accurate results and the model is not sensitive to the presence of noise in the data applied to three samples. Considering different number of elements in each sample, no convergence was observed, Also the results were not sensitive to the location of impact load applied on the samples.
The results of this study indicated that asymmetric cracking and loading variation are very effective in predicting beam failure. The results also indicate that variable reduction is very effective on the accuracy of results.
Having more cracks and therefore more elements to analyze will yield to less accurate results. To lessen these inaccuracies, it can be practical to achieve better results by assuming the location of crack is constant in the element length if the depth of crack be the matter of importance.
The number of iterations that have been executed, indicate that the pace of convergences in the developed process is less than when PSO deployed solely. This speed rate for obtaining results makes the developed method practical for solving crack detection problems in structures.
