Tarbiat Modares University Journal of Crop Protection 2251-9041 7 4 2018 12 01 Influence of salicylic acid nano-formulation on expression of peroxidase (113-114) genes and peroxidase and phenylalanine ammonia lyase in wheat cultivar susceptible to Heterodera filipjevi  تأثیر فرمولاسیون نانوسالیسیلیک اسید بر بیان ژن‌های پراکسیداز (113-114) و پراکسیداز و فنیل‌آلانین آمونیالیاز در گندم رقم حساس به Heterodera filipjevi  447 458 1408 10.48311/jcp.2018.1408 EN Najmeh Ghazalbash Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zabol, Zabol, Iran. Naser Panjehkeh Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zabol, Zabol, Iran. Zahra Tanhamaafi Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran. Seyed Kazem Sabbagh Department of Biology, Campus of Science, Yazd University, Yazd, Iran. Mohammad Salari Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zabol, Zabol, Iran. Mohsen Esmaeilzadeh Moghaddam Seed and Plant Improvement Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran. Journal Article The effects of salicylic acid (SA) nano-formulation on expression of peroxidase (113-114) genes and peroxidase and phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL) were investigated in wheat cultivar (Bezostaya) susceptible to <em>Heterodera filipjevi</em>. The wheat roots and leaves were randomly divided into control group and groups exposed to 62.5, 125 and 250μg/ml SA. A spectrophotometric analysis was carried out using root extracts from infected plants at 4, 7 and 11days post inoculation with nematode (DAI) for peroxidase and PAL. The expression of peroxidase (113-114) genes was evaluated by Real time PCR analysis. Peroxidase activity was significantly increased in treatments exposed to 250µg/ml of nanosalicylic acid at 11 DAI. Phenylalanine ammonia lyase activity was induced in the treatments exposed to 250 and 125µg/ml nanosalicylic acid compared to the control at 4 and 7 DAI, respectively. Phenylalanine ammonia lyase activity was also increased in the treatments exposed to 62.5 and 250µg/ml of nanosalicylic acid compared to the control at 7 DAI. The expression level of peroxidase 113-114 in wheat leaves was significantly raised at 4 DAI when 62.5µg/ml of nanosalicylic acid was used. There was also a significant difference between expression levels of peroxidase 113-114 genes at applications of 125 and 250µg/ml of SA in comparison with the control at 4 and 7 DAI, a significant decrease was revealed in the gene expression in treatments exposed to 62.5, 125 and 250µg/ml of nanosalicylic acid compared to the control at 11 DAI. It was concluded that higher concentrations of nanosalicylic acid have a potential effect on peroxidase and PAL activities in wheat infected by <em>H. filipjevi</em>. High concentration of nanosalicylic acid has inhibitory effects on the expression level of peroxidase gene. https://jcp.modares.ac.ir/article_1408_6d9c547cf146054a5a720606a7694467.pdf