Tarbiat Modares University
Journal of Crop Protection
2251-9041
5
4
2016
12
1
Fenton as advanced oxidation process for controlling downy mildew of cucumber under greenhouse conditions
483
496
EN
Amany
Hamza
Pesticides Chemistry and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Kafr-El-Shiekh University, 33516 Egypt.
Ahmed
Mohamed
Plant Pathology Research Institute, Agricultural Research Centre, Giza, Egypt.
Aly
Derbalah
Pesticides Chemistry and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Kafr-El-Shiekh University, 33516 Egypt.
In this research, the curative action of Fenton reagent (H2O2)/Fe(2+)), Fenton like reagent (H2O2)/Fe(3+)), Fenton complex (H2O2)/Fe(3+)/oxalic acid) and famoxadone + cymoxanil as foliar applications were examined against downy mildew of cucumber caused by Pseudoperonospora cubensis (Berk. and Curtis) under greenhouse conditions during two successive growing seasons. Likewise, the impact of these treatments was also investigated on some biochemical and growth characters of cucumber plants. In addition the toxicity of Fenton solutions were assessed on rats as for biochemical and histological changes in liver and kidney of treated rats with respect to control. Results demonstrated that famoxadone + cymoxanil was the best treatment against downy mildew followed by Fenton like reagent, Fenton reagent and Fenton complex, in both growing seasons. There was marked increase in each biochemical parameter of cucumber plants (chlorophyll, peroxidase and polyphenoloxidase) and also in cucumber yield under all treatments compared to untreated control. No noticeable alterations were observed in liver and kidney of rats treated with the tested Fenton solutions compared to control. Fenton solutions could be utilized as efficient and safe means to control downy mildew of cucumber in greenhouse conditions.
Tarbiat Modares University
Journal of Crop Protection
2251-9041
5
4
2016
12
1
Efficiency of a chemo-thermotherapy technique for eliminating Arabis mosaic virus (ArMV) and Prunus necrotic ringspot virus (PNRSV) from in vitro rose plantlets
497
506
EN
Amir
Modarresi Chahardehi
Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Sciences and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
Farshad
Rakhshandehroo
National Plant Gene-Bank, Seed and Plant Improvement Institute, Karaj, Iran.
Javad
Mozafari
National Plant Gene-Bank, Seed and Plant Improvement Institute, Karaj, Iran.
Leila
Mousavi
Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Sciences and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
Mosaic is presumably the most commonly encountered viral disease in roses. We have developed chemo-thermotherapy for eliminating Arabis mosaic virus (ArMV) and Prunus necrotic ringspot virus (PNRSV) from rose plants. Chemotherapy and thermotherapy methods were also applied separately and their antiviral effect compared with the chemo-thermotherapy. In this procedure, infected explants were regenerated on MS medium containing ribavirin at concentrations of 10, 20 and 30 mg/l for 20 and 40 days, followed by a thermotherapy treatment for 30 days at 38 °C for 16 hours and 22 °C for 8 hours per day. The complex of rose viruses (ArMV and PNRSV) were effectively eradicated from regenerated rose plantlets as verified by double- antibody sandwich enzyme- linked immunosorbent assay (DAS-ELISA). Thermotherapy alongside with chemotherapy (containing 30 mg/l per one month) during the period of four weeks was the best treatment for plantlet regeneration and virus elimination. The virus elimination efficiency from ArMV, PNRSV and ArMV + PNRSV infected plants were determined as 63.33%, 90.09% and 85.18%, respectively. A detailed procedure for elimination of mixed viruses is described.
Tarbiat Modares University
Journal of Crop Protection
2251-9041
5
4
2016
12
1
Effects of some micronutrients and macronutrients on the root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita, in greenhouse cucumber (Cucumis sativus cv. Negin)
507
517
EN
Mahmoud
Ahmadi Mansourabad
Department of Plant Protection, School of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran.
Akbar
Kargar Bideh
Department of Plant Protection, School of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran.
Mohammad
Abdollahi
Department of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture, Yasouj University, Yasouj, Iran.
The effects of some micronutrients (iron, zinc and silicon) and macronutrients (nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium) were evaluated on the root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita and plant growth parameters of cucumber (Cucumis sativus cv. Negin) in two independent trials. Each of iron, zinc and silicon micronutrients was used at 5 mg/kg of soil, as iron sequestrene (Fe-EDDHA), zinc sulfate (ZnSO4) and sodium siliconate (Na2O3Si), respectively. Furthermore, nitrogen at 60, 120 and 180 mg/kg, phosphorus at 25, 50 and 75 mg/kg and potassium at 12.5, 25 and 37.5 mg/kg of soil were used as urea, triple superphosphate and potassium sulfate, respectively. At four-leaf stage seedlings, 8000 nematode eggs and juveniles (2 egg and juveniles/gr soil) were added around the roots. After 60-days, data analysis indicated silicon + iron, significantly reduced the number of galls/g of root by 55 and 42% compared to control, in the two experiments, respectively, but none of these treatments resulted in significant positive effects on the growth or yield of the studied cucumber cultivar. When macronutrients were evaluated, results showed that N120P25K25 (120 mg/kg of Nitrogen, 25 mg/kg of phosphorus and 25 mg/kg of potassium) and N120P50K25 (120 mg/kg of nitrogen, 50 mg/kg of phosphorus and 25 mg/kg of potassium) significantly reduced the number of galls by 96 and 81% (experiment 3) and 79 and 70% (experiment 4) when compared with control, respectively. These both treatments also improved cucumber growth parameters such as shoot dry and fresh weights, root fresh weight and fruit yield.
Tarbiat Modares University
Journal of Crop Protection
2251-9041
5
4
2016
12
1
Interaction between essential oil of Rosmarinus officinalis and gamma radiation against Callosobruchus maculatus
519
527
EN
Mehrdad
Ahmadi
Nuclear Agriculture Research School, Nuclear Science and Technology Research Institute, Karaj, Iran.
Saeid
Moharramipour
Department of Entomology, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
In order to examine possible integration between irradiation and botanical pesticides, combined effects of essential oil from Rosmarinus officinalis L. and gamma radiation were determined on mortality of Callosobruchus maculatus F. (Coleoptera: Bruchidae). Experiments were conducted by pretreatment with essential oil fumigation followed by irradiation and inversely, pretreatment with irradiation followed by essential oil fumigation. The mortality rate was assessed 72 h after last treatment. Integration of gamma radiation and R. officinalis oil enhanced the mortality of C. maculatus compared with control treatments of either irradiation or fumigation alone. Synergistic effects of mortality on 1-2 days old adults of C. maculatus were observed when exposed to combination of gamma radiation and essential oil. It was found that pretreatment with fumigation followed by irradiation was perfectly effective. The study showed that either of the pre- treatments could enhance the susceptibility of the pest to the other treatment. Our findings led to a conclusion that the combination of gamma radiation and R. officinalis oilfumigation has a potential for application in integrated management of C. maculatus.
Tarbiat Modares University
Journal of Crop Protection
2251-9041
5
4
2016
12
1
Feeding deterrency of two medicinal plant extracts on Tribolium castaneum (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae)
529
539
EN
Roya
Taghizadeh
Shahid Bakeri High Education Center of Miandoab, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran.
Nayer
Mohammadkhani
Shahid Bakeri High Education Center of Miandoab, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran.
The aqueous and hydroalcoholic extracts from aerial parts of Berberis thunbergii L. and Alhagi maurorum Fisch. were tested against the red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum (Herbst), for antifeedant activity, which was measured by nutritional indices parameters such as relative growth rate (RGR), relative consumption rate (RCR), efficiency of conversion of ingested food (ECI) and feeding deterrence index (FDI). Treatments were evaluated by the method of flour disc bioassay in the dark, at 27 ± 1 °C and 60 ± 5% RH. Aliquots of 10 µl of several concentrations from each extract (0.25-2.0%) and controls (solvents) were spread evenly on the flour discs. After evaporation of the solvent, 10 adult insects were introduced into each treatment. After 72 h, nutritional indices were calculated. Results indicated that nutritional indices varied significantly as extract concentrations increased. The difference between extracts and treatments was significant (P < 0.05). In this study, A. maurorum decreased RGR, RCR and ECI significantly more than those of B. thunbergii extract. In addition, hydroalcoholic extracts decreased RGR, RCR and ECI significantly more than those of aqueous extracts. Both plant extracts increased FDI as the extract concentrations were increased, showing high feeding deterrence activity against T. castaneum. Generally, antifeedant activity of A. maurorum was greater than that of B. thunbergii and hydroalcoholic extract was more effective than aqueous extract.
Tarbiat Modares University
Journal of Crop Protection
2251-9041
5
4
2016
12
1
Effect of some chemical inducers on chocolate spot disease of faba bean in Tunisia
541
552
EN
Ahlem
Mbazia
Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte (FSB), National Institute for Agricultural Research of Tunisia (INRAT), Tunisia, National Institute for Agricultural Research of Tunisia (INRAT), Tunisia.
Noura
Omri Ben Youssef
National Institute for Agricultural Research of Tunisia (INRAT), Tunisia.
Mohamed
Kharrat
National Institute for Agricultural Research of Tunisia (INRAT), Tunisia.
Botrytis fabae is one of the most important fungal pathogens attacking the leaves and the stem of faba bean Viciafaba L. and causes severe yield losses. This study was carried out to evaluate the effect of four chemical inducers (salicylic, citric, ascorbic and oxalic acids) and one fungicide (Carbendazim) against B. fabae in field and glasshouse conditions. Under field conditions for two seasons and glasshouse experiments, plants treated with salicylic acid showed substantial and significant decrease in the disease severity on the leaves and the stem compared with the control and the fungicide. Salicylic acid was highly effective and controlled the disease better than Carbendazim which provided only partial protection. In vitro, the inhibition of fungal growth was investigated and showed that salicylic acid was the best inhibitor of fungal growth (48%) followed by oxalic (39%), ascorbic (33%) and citric (10%) acids 6 days after incubation. An important increase of total phenols was recorded in treatment by salicylic acid in the healthy and infected leaves of faba bean 12, 24, 48, 72, 96 and 120 hours after inoculation. These promising results on the control of the main fungal disease damaging faba bean in Tunisia and other regions will have an important impact on faba bean production.
Tarbiat Modares University
Journal of Crop Protection
2251-9041
5
4
2016
12
1
Effectiveness of IPM strategies against eggplant shoot and fruit borer Leucinodes orbonalis (Lepidoptera: Crambidae)
553
563
EN
Rakesh
Pandey
Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Bhadohi, ICAR-Indian Institute of Vegetable Research, Varanasi, India.
Ajit
Chaturvedi
Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Bhadohi, ICAR-Indian Institute of Vegetable Research, Varanasi, India.
Rudal
Chaudhary
Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Bhadohi, ICAR-Indian Institute of Vegetable Research, Varanasi, India.
Leucinodes orbonalis (Guenee) inflicts considerable damage on eggplant. In the present study farmers’ practice (Regime 1: Repeated use of different insecticides viz., Cypermethrin, Monocrotophos, Chlorpyriphos and Triazophos once or twice at weekly intervals) was compared with two IPM regimes, during 2010-12. The IPM regimes were: 1) Regime 2: weekly shoot clipping of infested twigs at the time of infestation along with installation of pheromone traps at 100/ha (lure was changed at 25 days intervals); and 2) Regime 3: weekly shoot clipping of infested twigs at the time of infestation along with installation of pheromone traps at 100/ha (lure was changed at 25 days interval) and need based application of NSKE at 4% and cartap hydrochloride at 1 g/l. The least fruit damage (20.46%) was observed in regime 3. With this IPM regime, the fruit damage was prevented by 35.01 to 36.18% and 22.87 to 23.33% additional yield was recorded over the regime relied upon only chemical pesticides. An additional income of USD $ 1064.22/ha was also obtained in open pollinated and USD $ 1799.35/ha in hybrid cultivars with a 10 to 11 times reduction of chemical sprayings in the regime 3. The selected regime not only reduced the total cost of crop production but also increased the net return per unit area. The IPM programme (regime 3) that consisted of cultural, mechanical and chemical components was proved to be an ideal management strategy against eggplant shoot and fruit borer along with a benefit: cost ratio of 3.65 to 4.27.
Tarbiat Modares University
Journal of Crop Protection
2251-9041
5
4
2016
12
1
New record of three species of Ditylenchus Filipjev, 1936 (Nematoda: Anguinidae), with a key to the species reported from Iran
565
579
EN
Mehrab
Esmaeili
Department of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran.
Ramin
Heydari
Department of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran.
Fifteen species of the genus Ditylenchus were recovered and identified from Kermanshah province, western Iran. Morphological and morphometric characters of three known species namely D. filimus, D. hexaglyphus and D. nanus, being new records for Iran’s nematode fauna, are given and discussed. Ditylenchus filimus is characterized by having a short stylet (7-8 µm), four lines in lateral fields, well-developed and valvate median bulb, and the typical female tail ending to a filamentous process. D. hexaglyphus, is characterized by having a short stylet (6.5-8.0 µm), six lines in lateral fields, not developed and non-valvate median bulb, and conoid tail with rounded tip. D. nanus, is characterised by having a short stylet (6-7 µm), six lines in lateral fields, median bulb well-developed and valvate, and tail conoid with finely rounded tip. A dichotomous key for identification of the species occurring in Iran is also provided.
Tarbiat Modares University
Journal of Crop Protection
2251-9041
5
4
2016
12
1
Characterization of 16SrII group phytoplasmas associated with alfalfa (Medicago sativa) witches’ broom disease in diverse areas of Iran
581
590
EN
Seyyed Alireza
Esmailzadeh Hosseini
Plant Protection Department, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran, Plant Protection Research Department, Yazd Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Yazd, Iran.
Gholam
Khodakaramian
Plant Protection Department, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran.
Mohammad
Salehi
Plant Protection Research Department, Fars Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Zarghan, Iran.
Assunta
Bertaccini
Department of Agricultural Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, Italy.
Alfalfa witches’ broom (AWB) is one of the most important alfalfa diseases in Iran. To characterize 16SrII group phytoplasmas associated with this disease, symptomatic and asymptomatic plants were collected during 2013-2015 and subjected to direct and nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using P1/P7, R16mF2/R16mR2 and R16F2n/R16R2. PCR amplicons of ~1.8, ~1.4 and ~1.25 kb respectively, were obtained only from all symptomatic plants. Restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis of R16F2n/R2 amplicons showed that the phytoplasma associated with AWB disease were members of 16SrII group subgroups 16SrII-D and -C. Blast analysis of these amplicon sequences and sequence homology of collected strains and strain sequences retrived from GenBank (AWB strains Chahgeer, Juyom and Bushehr) confirmed that AWB phytoplasmas collected from Bafg, Ardakan, Bahabad and Herat (Yazd province), Nikshahr (Sistan-Baluchestan), Bam, Zarand, Jiroft (Kerman province), Bushehr (Bushehr province), Tabas (South Khorasan province), Jowkar (Hamedan province) and Zardenjan (Esfahan province) cluster with phytoplasma strains enclosed in the 16SrII-D subgroup, while AWB strains from Chahgeer (Yazd province) and Juyom (Fars province) cluster with phytoplasma strains in the 16SrII-C subgroup. Based on these results the predominant strains of 16SrII phytoplasmas associated with AWB disease in Iran were classified in the 16SrII-D subgroup. In Ashkezar and Abarkouh in Yazd province entire alfalfa farm was infected with witches’ broom disease. In 3 year alfalfa stands in Ashkezar alfalfa farms were plowed due to high incidence of the disease.
Tarbiat Modares University
Journal of Crop Protection
2251-9041
5
4
2016
12
1
Classification using radial-basis neural networks based on thermographic assessment of Botrytis cinerea infected cut rose flowers treated with methyl jasmonate
591
602
EN
Mehrnoosh
Jafari
Department of Bio-System Mechanic Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
Saeid
Minaei
Department of Bio-System Mechanic Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
Naser
Safaie
Department of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
Farah
Torkamani-Azar
Department of Electrical Engineering, College of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran.
Mehdi
Sadeghi
Department of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
Many environmental and physiological factors affect plant temperature. The objective of this study was to use thermal imagery to investigate robust features for early diagnosis of Botrytis cinerea infection in cut rose flowers under the postharvest application of Methyl Jasmonate (MeJA). Three cases treated with different concentrations of MeJA (0.1, 0.2, and 0.3 µl.l−1), a control (0 µl.l−1 MeJA) and an ethanol-treated case (20 µl.l−1 ethanol) were considered as five treatments in this study. Infrared images of MeJA-treated and non-treated flowers were captured during five consecutive days. Eight days after inoculation, disease severity in all concentrations of MeJA was significantly lower than that of control and ethanol treatments. Maximum temperature difference (MTD) index and median temperature could be used to diagnose the existence and growth of fungal pathogen, at least a day before any significant visual symptoms appear. To identify some robust features for classifying the infected and non-infected flowers, analysis of temperature frequency distribution was implemented. Laplace and normal distributions were considered as the best fitted probability distributions based on the shape of thermal histograms. Parameters of normal and Laplace probability density functions were estimated and the most effective attributes were selected. A radial-basis-function neural network with 60 neurons in the hidden layer was designed to classify and distinguish the infected flowers from the healthy ones. Results showed that the network can classify the infected and non-infected flowers with a 96.4% correct estimation rate.
Tarbiat Modares University
Journal of Crop Protection
2251-9041
5
4
2016
12
1
Antifungal effects of some medicinal and aromatic plant essential oils against Alternaria solani
603
616
EN
Sohbat
Bahraminejad
Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Campus of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran.
Behnaz
Seifolahpour
Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Campus of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran.
Reza
Amiri
Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Campus of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran.
In this study, anti Alternaria solani effects of essential oils of 11 medicinal and aromatic plant species belonging to four families collected from the west of Iran were investigated based on agar dilution method with five replications at concentration of 1.0 µl/ml. The results showed that the highest inhibitory effect belonged to Oliveria decumbens, Cinnamomum zeylanicum, Carum copticum and Thymus kotschyanus which completely inhibited the mycelial growth of the fungus. Therefore, their activity was examined in lower concentrations, too. The essential oil of O. decumbens at concentration of 0.50 and 0.25 µl/ml completely suppressed the mycelial growth of the fungus. The major constituents of its essential oil were carvacrol (46.53%), thymol (23.75%), p-Cymene (13.70%), γ-terpinene (7.66%) and myristicin (3.65%), respectively. Thus, the essential oil of this species with the highest anti-Alternaria activity could be selected for further studies on in vivo application as natural fungicide.
Tarbiat Modares University
Journal of Crop Protection
2251-9041
5
4
2016
12
1
Transcriptome analysis of tobacco in response to Ralstonia solanacearum infection
617
626
EN
Cobra
Moslemkhani
Seed and Plant Certification and Registration Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran.
Javad
Mozafari
Seed and Plant Improvement Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran.
Masoud
Shams-Bakhsh
Department of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
Ebrahim
Mohamadi Goltape
Department of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
One of the best strategies to control bacterial wilt caused by Ralstonia solanacearum (Smith) is generally based on breeding resistant cultivars. The information obtained from the expression of plant defense genes will provide new insight for improving plant resistance against pathogens. This study was to identify inducible genes under defense no death (DND) reaction of tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum)-R. solanacearum interaction using cDNA-AFLP technique. In this assay five different primer combinations were used. Out of 1320 Transcript derived fragments (TDF) that were detected, 101 fragments were identified as differentially expressed genes in 0, 24, 48 and 72 hours post inoculation. Most of the differentially expressed genes were obtained 48 hours post inoculation. Following sequencing, most of sequenced TDFs showed homology to known genes interfering in signaling, regulation and defense functions. DND phenotype in tobacco has some similarities specially in signaling process with mechanism associated with induction of the hypersensitive reaction and it is distinct from general defense mechanisms.
Tarbiat Modares University
Journal of Crop Protection
2251-9041
5
4
2016
12
1
Description of four species of Tylenchidae Örley, 1880 (Nematoda: Tylenchomorpha) with two new records from Iran
627
642
EN
Behrouz
Golhasan
Department of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran.
Ramin
Heydari
Department of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran.
Mehrab
Esmaeili
Department of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran.
Hadi
Ghorbanzad
Department of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran.
During a nematological survey, nineteen known species of plant-parasitic nematodes belonging to the family Tylenchidae (Tylenchomorpha: Tylenchoidea) were collected and identified from different localities of West Azerbayjan and Kermanshah provinces, Iran. Among them two species, namely Discotylenchus attenuatus and Tylenchus bhitaii, are new records for Iranian nematode fauna, the male of T. bhitaii is recorded for the first time. Also, two previously reported species Filenchus quartus and Tylenchus stachys are illustrated and described. Descriptions, morphometric data, line drawings and microscopic photographs are provided.
Tarbiat Modares University
Journal of Crop Protection
2251-9041
5
4
2016
12
1
Two new records of the family Syrphidae (Insecta: Diptera) from Iran
643
648
EN
Elahe
Shojaei Hesari
Department of Zoology, Faculty of Biological Science, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran.
Shahrokh
Pashaei Rad
Department of Zoology, Faculty of Biological Science, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran.
Morteza
Seifalah-zade
Department of Zoology, Faculty of Biological Science, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran.
During 2010–2011, a faunistic study of the family Syrphidae was carried out in Torbat Heydarie, Roshtkhar and Khaf (Razavi Khorasan province), northeastern Iran. Among the collected specimens, we found two species, Paragus gussakovskii Bańkowska and Platycheirus immarginatus Zetterstedt which are new records for the fauna of Iran.
Tarbiat Modares University
Journal of Crop Protection
2251-9041
5
4
2016
12
1
First report of Cladosporium sphaerospermum causing leaf spot disease of Aloe vera in India
649
654
EN
Shubhi
Avasthi
Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory, School of Studies in Botany, Jiwaji University, Gwalior 474011, Madhya Pradesh, India - Department of Botany, Abhilashi Institute of Life Sciences, Mandi-175008 (H.P.), India.
Ajay
Gautam
Faculty of Sciences, School of Agriculture, Abhilashi University, Mandi-175028 (H.P.), India.
Rekha
Bhadauria
Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory, School of Studies in Botany, Jiwaji University, Gwalior 474011, Madhya Pradesh, India.
This paper deals with the study of a leaf spot disease observed on Aloe vera leaves in various nurseries and botanical gardens during the routine surveys of two consecutive years of 2010 and 2011. The symptoms appeared in the form of circular to oval, brown to black, sunken spots on abaxial surface of leaves. The disease was observed only in January to February during the survey. Colonieson PDA were velvety, dark olivaceous to greenish black in colour. The identification of the pathogen was done phenotypically using disease symptoms and microscopic characteristics. Further investigation identified it as Cladosporium sphaerospermum Penzig which was also confirmed at Indian Type Culture Collection (ITCC), IARI, New Delhi, India. According to the literature, this is the first report of Cladosporium sphaerospermum as causal agent of leaf spot disease on A. vera from India.
Tarbiat Modares University
Journal of Crop Protection
2251-9041
5
4
2016
12
1
Annual index: Authors
655
657
EN
Tarbiat Modares University
Journal of Crop Protection
2251-9041
5
4
2016
12
1
Annual index: Scientific names
659
665
EN
Tarbiat Modares University
Journal of Crop Protection
2251-9041
5
4
2016
12
1
Annual index: Subjects
667
690
EN