@article{ author = {OnaolapoAkinneye, Joseph and AyobamiOyeniyi, Emmanuel}, title = {Insecticidal efficacy of Cleistopholis patens (Benth) against Sitotroga cerealella Olivier (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) infesting rice grains in Nigeria}, abstract ={New sources of botanical pesticides in the management of Sitotroga cerealella (Olivier) infesting rice grains are indispensable in farmers’ quest towards achieving maximum protection of their rice produce. In this study, the efficacy of root and stem bark of Cleistopholis patens as an insecticidal agent against S. cerealella was investigated at 28 ± 2 ºC and 75 ± 6% relative humidity. Moths were exposed to contact and fumigant toxicity test at 0.5-2.5 g/20 g of paddy rice and mortality was assessed at 24, 48, 72 and 96 hours post-treatment respectively. Generally, moth exposed to root powders of C. patens showed higher mortality values (contact: 10 - 93%; fumigant: 13 - 100%) than their counterpart exposed to stem powder (contact: 6.67 - 78%; fumigant: 10 - 95%). Also, lethal doses (LD50 and LD95) revealed that lower doses of C. patens root powder resulted in higher mortality of S. cerealella when compared to that of stem powder. The only exception was observed in LD95 values of stem (6.54 g / 20 g of paddy rice) and root (6.76 g / 20 g of paddy rice) powder of fumigant toxicity test. Both powders of C. patens also significantly reduced adult emergence in treated grains when compared to control. This study showed that powders of stem and root bark of C. patens would provide a much desired wherewithal to synthetic insecticides in the management of S. cerealella infesting rice grains in Nigeria.}, Keywords = {Sitotroga cerealella,insecticidal efficacy,Cleistopholis patens,toxicity,fumigant}, volume = {5}, Number = {1}, pages = {1-10}, publisher = {Tarbiat Modares University}, title_fa = {}, abstract_fa ={}, keywords_fa = {}, url = {http://jcp.modares.ac.ir/article-3-7621-en.html}, eprint = {http://jcp.modares.ac.ir/article-3-7621-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Crop Protection}, issn = {2251-9041}, eissn = {2251-905X}, year = {2016} } @article{ author = {Achbani, El Hassan and Mazouz, Hamid and Benbouazza, Abdellatif and Sadik, Soumi}, title = {First detection of Pantoea ananatis, the causal agent of bacterial center rot of onion in Morocco}, abstract ={Pantoea ananatis is an important pathogen causing bacterial center rot in onion. Isolated strains from onion soft rot bulbs based on morphological characteristics were tested for hypersensitivity reaction on tobacco. Pathogenic strains underwent some biochemical tests which detected the presence of P. ananatis, based on RNA16S sequencing, this result was confirmed. Symptoms were reproduced by inoculating this species to onion leaves and bulbs. This study reports for the first time the presence of P. ananatis bacterium in Morocco causing the bacterial center rot in onion.  }, Keywords = {Allium cepa,bacterial center rot,Morocco,Onion,Pantoea ananatis}, volume = {5}, Number = {1}, pages = {11-17}, publisher = {Tarbiat Modares University}, title_fa = {}, abstract_fa ={}, keywords_fa = {}, url = {http://jcp.modares.ac.ir/article-3-4995-en.html}, eprint = {http://jcp.modares.ac.ir/article-3-4995-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Crop Protection}, issn = {2251-9041}, eissn = {2251-905X}, year = {2016} } @article{ author = {Ramzi, Samar and Sahragard, Ahad and JalaliSendi, Jalal and Aalami, Ali}, title = {Effect of Citrullus colocynthis (Cucurbitaceae) agglutinin on the life table parameters of Apomyelois ceratoniae (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae)}, abstract ={A Castanea crenata agglutinin (abbreviated as CCA) was extracted and purified from bitter apple, Citrullus colocynthis L., to determine its effects on the demographic parameters of Apomyelois ceratoniae Zeller. Two groups of first larval instars were reared on an artificial diet containing 2% (w/w) of CCA and control diets until emergence of adults. Two Sex MS-chart life table software was used to analyze data and calculate life table parameters. Developmental times of larvae in control and CCA dietsshowed statistical differences for male, female except for third and fourth larval instars. It was found that A. ceratoniae larvaefed on control had a survival of 18 days but individuals fed on CCA diet survived for 12 days. The highest fecundity values of individuals fed on control and CCA diets were obtained at the age of 30 and 27 days, respectively. Adult longevity, pre-oviposition period, oviposition period and mean fecundity of A. ceratoniae fed on control were higher than those of individuals fed on CCA diet. The probabilities of a newborn egg surviving to age 28 days were 0.42 and 0.3 for control and CCA, respectively. Each female started egg laying on day 22 for control and 25 for CCA. Life expectancies of a newly laid egg were 29 days for control and 26 days for CCA treatment. Life table parameters except for mean generation time showed statistical differences between control and CCA treatments. These results demonstrated the negative effects of CCA on life table parameters of A. ceratoniae that might lead to a promising and alternative way to suppress population increase and damage caused by A. ceratoniae.}, Keywords = {Apomyelois ceratoniae,Citrullus colocynthis,Lectin,Life table}, volume = {5}, Number = {1}, pages = {19-31}, publisher = {Tarbiat Modares University}, title_fa = {}, abstract_fa ={}, keywords_fa = {}, url = {http://jcp.modares.ac.ir/article-3-5777-en.html}, eprint = {http://jcp.modares.ac.ir/article-3-5777-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Crop Protection}, issn = {2251-9041}, eissn = {2251-905X}, year = {2016} } @article{ author = {Liu, Yangxi and Khan, Mohamed F. R.}, title = {Utility of fungicides for controlling Rhizoctonia solani on sugar beet}, abstract ={Rhizoctonia solani is the most serious problem on sugar beet Beta vulgaris L. grown in North Dakota and Minnesota. Picoxystrobin, a quinone outside inhibitor, and penthiopyrad, a succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor, were used alone and in combinations for controlling R. solani AG 2-2 IIIB on sugar beet under greenhouse conditions of 22 ± 2 °C and a 12-h photoperiod. Fungicides were applied in-furrow at planting, followed by inoculation with R. solani grown on barley seeds. The experimental design was a randomized complete block with four replicates and the experiment was repeated three times. Stand counts were taken and roots were evaluated for symptoms using a 0 to 7 scale 21 days after inoculation. Analysis of variance was conducted by the SAS general linear model, and Fisher’s protected least significant difference at α = 0.05 was used to compare treatment means. Fungicides used alone and in mixtures provided effective control of R. solani, which had significantly greater percent survivors than the inoculated check. This research demonstrated that picoxystrobin and penthiopyrad have the potential to be used for providing control of R. solani on sugar beet.  }, Keywords = {Rhizoctonia root rot,Sugar beet,picoxystrobin,penthiopyrad,Rhizoctonia solani}, volume = {5}, Number = {1}, pages = {33-38}, publisher = {Tarbiat Modares University}, title_fa = {}, abstract_fa ={}, keywords_fa = {}, url = {http://jcp.modares.ac.ir/article-3-10010-en.html}, eprint = {http://jcp.modares.ac.ir/article-3-10010-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Crop Protection}, issn = {2251-9041}, eissn = {2251-905X}, year = {2016} } @article{ author = {Alam, Md. and Alam, Md. and Alam, Syed and Miah, Md. Ramiz and Mian, Md. Ismail and Hossain, M.}, title = {Mass rearing of Bracon hebetor (Hym.: Braconidae) on wax moth, Galleria mellonella (Lep.: Pyralidae) with varying density of parasitoid and the host}, abstract ={Rearing methods for Bracon hebetor (Say) (Hym., Braconidae) were investigated in the series of laboratory experiments designed to enhance the yield of the mass rearing of this parasitoid for biological control of lepidopteran field and stored product pests. In these experiments, the effects of parasitoid and host densities on fertility and sex ratio of B. hebetor were assessed. In parasitoid densities, 50 last-instar greater wax moth (GWM) Galleria mellonella (L.) larvae were placed per container and 1, 2, 4, 8 or10 pairs of B. hebetor (one male and one female) were released in each container. In host density study two pairs B. hebetor were introduce in six different densities (10, 20, 30, 40, 50 and 60) of host, GWM per container. A density of ten male-female pairs of B. hebetor produced a higher number of progeny (205 ± 7.07 adults) on 50 last instar larvae of GWM. Similarly, in a host density experiment, a density of 60 last instars GWM larvae produced a significantly higher number of parasitoid progeny (142.0  ±  8.75 adults), followed by 50 last instar larvae (141.0 ± 8.34 adults) among the tested host densities when two pairs of B. hebetor were used. The sex ratio of progenies was male-biased in all studies and there were no significant effects on sex ratio in various parasitoid and host densities. In mass rearing experiment, total number of emerged parasitoids per 200 wax moth larvae was 1091 ± 82.38 adults with mean parasitism rate of 98 ± 0.8%.  }, Keywords = {Biological control,mass rearing,Bracon hebetor,parasitoid density,host density}, volume = {5}, Number = {1}, pages = {39-48}, publisher = {Tarbiat Modares University}, title_fa = {}, abstract_fa ={}, keywords_fa = {}, url = {http://jcp.modares.ac.ir/article-3-7636-en.html}, eprint = {http://jcp.modares.ac.ir/article-3-7636-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Crop Protection}, issn = {2251-9041}, eissn = {2251-905X}, year = {2016} } @article{ author = {JavadiKhederi, Saeid and Khanjani, Mohammad and AhmadHoseini, Mohammad and Hosseininia, Asghar and Safari, Hass}, title = {Effects of drought stress and super absorbent polymer on susceptibility of pepper to damage caused by Aphis gossypii Glover (Hem.: Aphididae)}, abstract ={Pepper plant Capsicum annuum L. has great nutritional value and many pharmaceutical properties but its sensitivity to pests such as Aphis gossypii Glover, especially in drought stress conditions, has limited its production. To evaluate the effect of drought stress on the population and damage rate of this pest in greenhouse condition, four moisture treatments including; full irrigation, 15, 30 and 45 percent of water deficit, and four treatments with different amounts of super absorbent polymer (SAP) containing 2, 4, 6 and 8 g per pot were separately performed in completely randomized design. Four weeks after applying drought stress, the pots were moved near the aphid sources. Density of aphids was examined after one month of infestation, and the plant growth characteristics after two months. It was found that the increase in severe drought stress (45% DI45) significantly raised the population of this pest and remarkably decreased plant growth rate and yield. However, the low stress of drought (15% DI15) not only caused relative reduction of insect’s population, but also saved water consumption and increased crop yield. However, the insect population was elevated as a result of increase in the amount of irrigation. Although the excessive use of SAP (8 g) increased the aphid population, the current experiment showed the use of 4 and 6 g of super absorbents could minimize the irrigation stress, decrease the pest population and improve yield of the plants by retaining the moisture in drought conditions.}, Keywords = {Drought,Aphis gossypii,Pepper,super absorbent,water stress}, volume = {5}, Number = {1}, pages = {49-57}, publisher = {Tarbiat Modares University}, title_fa = {}, abstract_fa ={}, keywords_fa = {}, url = {http://jcp.modares.ac.ir/article-3-6383-en.html}, eprint = {http://jcp.modares.ac.ir/article-3-6383-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Crop Protection}, issn = {2251-9041}, eissn = {2251-905X}, year = {2016} } @article{ author = {Ghods, Sara and Shojaeddini, Vahhab}, title = {A novel automated image analysis method for counting the population of whiteflies on leaves of crops}, abstract ={Counting the population of insect pests is a key task for planning a successful integrated pest management program. Most image processing and machine vision techniques in the literature are very site-specific and cannot be easily re-usable because their performances are highly related to their ground truth data. In this article a new unsupervised image processing method is proposed which is general and easy to use for non-experts. In this method firstly a hypothesis framework is defined to distinguish pests from other particles in a captured image after texture, color and shape analyses. Then, the decision about each hypothesis is made by estimating a distribution function for sizes of particles which are presented in the image. Performance of the proposed method is evaluated on real captured images that belong to plants in green housesand farms with low and high densities of whiteflies. The obtained results show the greater ability of the proposed method in counting whiteflies on crop leaves compared to adaptive thresholding and K-means algorithms. Furthermore it is shown that better counting of the pest by proposed algorithm not only doesn't lead to extracting more false objects but also it decreases the rate of false detections compared to the results of the alternative algorithms.  }, Keywords = {pest population monitoring,Image processing,whiteflies,size distribution}, volume = {5}, Number = {1}, pages = {59-73}, publisher = {Tarbiat Modares University}, title_fa = {}, abstract_fa ={}, keywords_fa = {}, url = {http://jcp.modares.ac.ir/article-3-11814-en.html}, eprint = {http://jcp.modares.ac.ir/article-3-11814-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Crop Protection}, issn = {2251-9041}, eissn = {2251-905X}, year = {2016} } @article{ author = {Pujari, Jagadeesh Devidas and SiddarammayyaYakkundimath, Rajesh and Jahagirdar, Shamrao and Byadgi, Abdul}, title = {Quantitative detection of soybean rust using image processing techniques}, abstract ={Rust caused by Phakopsora pachyrhizi Syd. is a major constraint to soybean product in Asia. Early detection and possibilities of controlling plant diseases by the integration of several image processing methods has been the subject of extensive research. The main contribution of this paper is to present different methodologies for quantitatively detecting soybean rust at each stage of disease development, identify disease even before specific symptoms become visible and grade based on percentage of disease severity. Severity of rust infection levels at each stage of disease development was observed for 25 days on soybean leaf. Then color distribution and pixel relationship in rust infected leaf image was calculated based on global and local features for quantifying rust severity. Further, rust disease was categorized into grades based on infection severity levels and percentage disease index (PDI) was calculated. The maximum PDI of 95.5 was observed at 25th day and minimum PDI of 0.2 was observed at 6th day.  }, Keywords = {disease severity,color features,global region, local region, soybean rust}, volume = {5}, Number = {1}, pages = {75-87}, publisher = {Tarbiat Modares University}, title_fa = {}, abstract_fa ={}, keywords_fa = {}, url = {http://jcp.modares.ac.ir/article-3-8488-en.html}, eprint = {http://jcp.modares.ac.ir/article-3-8488-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Crop Protection}, issn = {2251-9041}, eissn = {2251-905X}, year = {2016} } @article{ author = {Nazari, Mahsa and ShahidiNoghabi, Shahnaz and Mahdian, Kamr}, title = {Effects of pyriproxyfen and imidacloprid on mortality and reproduction of Menochilus sexmaculatus (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae), predator of Agonoscena pistaciae}, abstract ={The effect of two insecticides, imidacloprid and pyriproxyfen, were investigated on some biological parameters of ladybird beetle Menochilus sexmaculatus (F.) (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) under laboratory condition. Theladybird beetle were exposed to insecticides by ingestion of the common pistachio psylla, Agonoscena pistaciae Burckhardt and Lauterer (Hemiptera: Psyllidae) (prey). For imidacloprid, maximum field recommended concentration (MFRC) (1/1 MFRC = 140 ppm), 1/2 and 1/4 MFRC were tested. For pyriproxyfen dilutions of 1/1 MFRC (50 ppm), 2/1 and 1/2 MFRC were used after 24 h. The 100% mortality was observed with imidacloprid in all tested concentrations, whereas no mortality was observed by pyriproxyfen even at the highest concentration (2/1 MFRC). Because of the high mortality observed with imidacloprid, lower concentrations of 1/10, 1/20 and 1/40 MFRC were tested and all predators were killed 3, 7 and 10 days after treatment, respectively. At 1/100 MFRC, no eggs were laid but prey consumption was continued for two weeks. At 1/1 and 2/1 MFRC of pyriproxyfen, ingestion of prey was reduced by 18% and 23%, respectively. At 1/1 and 1/2 MFRC of pyriproxyfen, fecundity and fertility of the coccinellid predator was decreased to 43% and 24.5%, respectively. Imidacloprid at 1/100 MFRC caused significant reduction on fecundity but had no detrimental effect on fertility of the produced eggs. Therefore, unlike the pyriproxyfen that had not acute toxicity, the imidacloprid was extremely toxic to coccinellid at MFRC. However, pyriproxyfen was able to affect on feeding ratio and reproduction of M. sexmaculatus.}, Keywords = {The common pistachio psylla,Insecticide,Menochilus sexmaculatus,Predator,Sublethal effects}, volume = {5}, Number = {1}, pages = {89-98}, publisher = {Tarbiat Modares University}, title_fa = {}, abstract_fa ={}, keywords_fa = {}, url = {http://jcp.modares.ac.ir/article-3-7557-en.html}, eprint = {http://jcp.modares.ac.ir/article-3-7557-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Crop Protection}, issn = {2251-9041}, eissn = {2251-905X}, year = {2016} } @article{ author = {Esmaeili, Mehrab and Heydari, Ramin and Ghaderi, Rez}, title = {Three species of Paratylenchus Micoletzky, 1922 (Nematoda: Tylenchulidae) from Kermanshah province, western Iran}, abstract ={Three species of Paratylenchus were collected and identified from vineyards and apple orchards in Kermanshah province, western Iran. Descriptions, morphometric data, line drawings and microscopic photographs are provided for these three species. Paratylenchus audriellus and Paratylenchus straeleni are the two very closely related species, with a stylet longer than 40 µm, four lateral lines and distinct vulval flaps. The third species, Paratylenchus leptos, has a shorter stylet, three lateral lines and distinct vulval flaps. Paratylenchus leptos is a new record for Iranian nematode fauna, and male of P. audriellus is reported from Iran for the first time.  }, Keywords = {Description,Gracilacus,Morphology,new record,Paratylenchus,pin nematode}, volume = {5}, Number = {1}, pages = {99-113}, publisher = {Tarbiat Modares University}, title_fa = {}, abstract_fa ={}, keywords_fa = {}, url = {http://jcp.modares.ac.ir/article-3-766-en.html}, eprint = {http://jcp.modares.ac.ir/article-3-766-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Crop Protection}, issn = {2251-9041}, eissn = {2251-905X}, year = {2016} } @article{ author = {Mortazavi, Saeideh and Ghajarieh, Hamid and Samih, Mohammad and Jafari, Ali}, title = {Effect of some diets on biological parameters of Apomyelois ceratoniae in laboratory and efficiency of natural pheromone traps in pomegranate orchards}, abstract ={Pomegranate fruit moth (PFM), Apomyelois ceratoniae Zeller is a major pest of pomegranate in Iran. In this study, the effect of four diets including pistachio, pomegranate, semi-artificial and artificial diets were studied on biological parameters of PFM in a growth chamber under controlled conditions at 30 ± 2 °C, 65 ± 5% RH and 16:8 (L: D) h. The results demonstrated that the longest incubation period, larval developmental time and preimaginal development time was observed on artificial diet and the shortest was on the pomegranate. The highest and lowest body length of fifth instar larvae were observed on pistachio and artificial diet, respectively. The heaviest weight of third day pupae was recorded for the larvae that were reared on pistachio (0.0275 ± 0.0004 g) while the lightest was on artificial diet (0.0216 ± 0.0004 g). In the next experiment, the effect of four diets was considered to assess the efficiency of pheromone traps in a twenty year old pomegranate orchard cultivated with Malasse Yazdi cultivars. The effect of food on catch of traps showed a significant difference. The virgin PFM that were fed with pomegranate attracted more males. Also the traps caught the males mostly from 11:00 pm until 4:00 am, with the peak time between 23:00 and midnight. No significant difference was seen between diet and time of catch, indicating that starting or ending time and the maximum time of catch was not affected by the diets.  }, Keywords = {biological parameters,catch time,Pomegranate fruit moth,Malasse Yazdi cultivar,artificial diet}, volume = {5}, Number = {1}, pages = {115-124}, publisher = {Tarbiat Modares University}, title_fa = {}, abstract_fa ={}, keywords_fa = {}, url = {http://jcp.modares.ac.ir/article-3-1990-en.html}, eprint = {http://jcp.modares.ac.ir/article-3-1990-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Crop Protection}, issn = {2251-9041}, eissn = {2251-905X}, year = {2016} } @article{ author = {Jamali, Samad and Ghasemi, Farzaneh}, title = {Pathogenicity of Paecilomyces marquandii on eggs of Meloidogyne incognita}, abstract ={Among fungi, species of the genus Paecilomyces are considered as promising biological control agents with high potential to reduce root-knot nematode (RKN) and other nematode populations. In this research we investigated a soil hyphomycetes, Paecilomyces marquandii and its pathogenicity on eggs of RKN in vitro. In greenhouse test, root weight, plant length, fresh weight and dry weight of plants, gall index and proportion of infected eggs were determined. P. marquandii, effectively promoted growth of plants inoculated with M. incognita by suppressing its pathogenesis as root galling and reducing egg mass production. At 25 °C, a great number of nematode eggs were parasitized by P. marquandii, inhibiting juvenile development.}, Keywords = {Biological control,Nematophagous fungi,Paecilomyces marquandii,Meloidogyne incognita,Iran}, volume = {5}, Number = {1}, pages = {125-130}, publisher = {Tarbiat Modares University}, title_fa = {}, abstract_fa ={}, keywords_fa = {}, url = {http://jcp.modares.ac.ir/article-3-2435-en.html}, eprint = {http://jcp.modares.ac.ir/article-3-2435-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Crop Protection}, issn = {2251-9041}, eissn = {2251-905X}, year = {2016} } @article{ author = {Koupi, Nazanin and Ghazavi, Mehran and Kamali, Karim and Baniameri, Valiollah}, title = {Virulence of Iranian isolates of Metarhizium anisopliae on western flower thrips, Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande) (Thysanoptera: Thripidae)}, abstract ={The Western flower thrips Frankliniella occidentalis, an important greenhouse pest, has acquired rapid resistance to the chemical pesticides. Therefore, biological control is worth consideration as an alternative control method. Among the biological control agents, entomopathogenic fungi showed to be quite successful in some occasions. In this study, three Iranian isolates of Metarhizium anisopliae (‘DEMI001’, ‘DEMI002’ and ‘DEMI003’) were bioassayed for their lethal effects on the adults of the F. occidentalis, in vitro. The ‘DEMI002’ and ‘DEMI003’ had the lowest and highest LC50 at concentrations of 3.06 ´ 104 and 1.90 ´ 105 conidia/ml, respectively. Also, the isolate ‘DEMI002’ had the lowest LT50 of 4.39 ± 2.13 days at the concentration of 106 conidia/ml. The mean comparison showed that there was a significant difference between DEMI002 and DEMI003 in terms of virulence at most of the concentrations. Consequently, the ‘DEMI002’ can be considered as a promising tool in biological control programs of the F. occidentalis.}, Keywords = {Metarhizium anisopliae,Frankliniella occidentalis,Western flower thrips,bioassay}, volume = {5}, Number = {1}, pages = {131-138}, publisher = {Tarbiat Modares University}, title_fa = {}, abstract_fa ={}, keywords_fa = {}, url = {http://jcp.modares.ac.ir/article-3-11431-en.html}, eprint = {http://jcp.modares.ac.ir/article-3-11431-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Crop Protection}, issn = {2251-9041}, eissn = {2251-905X}, year = {2016} } @article{ author = {Iranipour, Shahzad and Esfandi, Kambiz and Kazemi, Mohammadhossei}, title = {Life history of the Colorado potato beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Say) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), on four potato varieties in Iran}, abstract ={  Abstract: Colorado potato beetle (CPB), Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Say),is the most important insect pest of potato in Iran. If local potato varieties vary in susceptibility to the pest, host plant resistance may provide management benefits to potato growers. A life table study was carried out to determine the relative suitability of four common potato varieties (Agria, Marfona, Savalan and Satina) for CPB development and reproduction in northwest Iran under laboratory conditions at 23 ± 3 ºC, 62 ± 10% RH, and natural photoperiod. Developmenttime and hence generation time was longest on Savalan (31.07 ± 0.48 d and 42.72 ± 0.71 d respectively) and shortest on Agria (27.8 ± 0.65 d and 35.99 ± 0.8 d respectively). Juvenile mortality was highest (47.5%) on Satina and lowest (22.5%) on Marfona. Intrinsic rates of increase (r) were 0.129 ± 0.005, 0.127 ± 0.005, 0.129 ± 0.006 and 0.104 ± 0.004, on Agria, Marfona, Satina and Savalan, respectively, that on Savalan being significantly lower than the others.The highest net reproductive rate was 145.26 ± 25.23 on Marfona and the lowest was 81.18 ± 2.71 on Savalan which was not significantly different among the cultivars. It seems that, among the four tested cultivars, the Savalan cultivar is less suitable to CPB, resulting in the poorest overall biological performance of the beetle, but the level of resistance did not appear sufficient to negate the need for other control methods.}, Keywords = {Colorado potato beetle,potato variety,Life table,mortality}, volume = {5}, Number = {1}, pages = {139-148}, publisher = {Tarbiat Modares University}, title_fa = {}, abstract_fa ={}, keywords_fa = {}, url = {http://jcp.modares.ac.ir/article-3-3130-en.html}, eprint = {http://jcp.modares.ac.ir/article-3-3130-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Crop Protection}, issn = {2251-9041}, eissn = {2251-905X}, year = {2016} } @article{ author = {Adly, Dalia and Bakr, Ehab}, title = {The toxic effect of camphor vapour against Aphis craccivora Koch (Hemiptera: Aphididae) and some of its natural enemies}, abstract ={Fumigant toxicity of camphor was studied against the aphid Aphis craccivora Koch and three associated natural enemies, i.e. Coccinella undecimpunctata L., Aphelinus albipodus Hayat & Fatima and Aphidius colemani Viereck. Aphis craccivora was the most tolerant one compared with all tested natural enemies as the recorded LC50 values were 12.71, 6.33, 1.16 and 0.48 mg camphor/liter space for the above mentioned insects, respectively. Subjecting newly emerged adults of A. craccivora to LC25 of camphor vapor significantly reduced female longevity from 17.6 to 6.45 days and reduced the female daily progeny from 4.44 to 1.93 nymph / female, which resulted in a reduction in productivity as finite rate of increase decreased from 1.57 to 1.14 female / female / day. Aphids that survived after subjection to LC50 were found to have significantly higher amount of acid phosphatase and G. S-transferase than non-treated aphids. Inversely, Survived aphids were found to have significantly less amount of β-esterases and alkaline phosphatase than non-treated aphids; while no significant difference was found in case of α-esterases. Camphor fumigant can be a candidate as a control agent against A. craccivora but with restriction because of its drawbacks on natural enemies.  }, Keywords = {Camphor,Aphis craccivora,Aphelinus albipodus,Aphidius colemani,Coccinella undecimpunctata}, volume = {5}, Number = {1}, pages = {149-156}, publisher = {Tarbiat Modares University}, title_fa = {}, abstract_fa ={}, keywords_fa = {}, url = {http://jcp.modares.ac.ir/article-3-4902-en.html}, eprint = {http://jcp.modares.ac.ir/article-3-4902-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Crop Protection}, issn = {2251-9041}, eissn = {2251-905X}, year = {2016} }